UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SANCTUARY
Understanding Pashupatinath & Nepal Shravan Yatra
Situated on both banks of the sacred Bagmati River in Kathmandu, **Pashupatinath Temple** is Nepal's most revered Hindu pilgrimage shrine. Constructed in classic two-tiered Nepalese pagoda style with cubic golden roofs and silver doors, it houses the ancient **Chaturmukha Lingam** (four-faced Shiva Lingam).
During Shravan month, hundreds of thousands of saffron-clad **Bol Bam Devotees** collect holy spring water from **Sundarijal Waterfalls** in Shivapuri National Park and march 15 km barefoot to Pashupatinath. Combined with **Gosaikunda Lake** (14,370 ft) and **Doleshwar Mahadev** (Head of Kedarnath), Nepal presents a transcendent Himalayan Shravan circuit.
PURANIC LORE & KEDARNATH CONNECTION
Sleshmataka Forest & 4-Faced Lingam Legend
Legend recounts that Lord Shiva once escaped Mount Kailash to roam in the peaceful **Sleshmataka Forest** (Kathmandu Valley) disguised as a golden deer. When the Devas led by Indra found Him, Shiva leapt across the Bagmati River, breaking His golden horn into three pieces — establishing the sacred sanctuary of Pashupatinath (Lord of All Animals).
The central 4-foot silver-cased stone Lingam features **four distinct carved faces** representing the five aspects of Shiva: **Sadyojata** (West - Barun), **Vamadeva** (North - Uma), **Tatpurusha** (East - Surya), **Aghora** (South - Bhairava), while **Ishana** (Skyward) remains invisible and uncarved atop the Lingam. Furthermore, **Doleshwar Mahadev** in Bhaktapur is worshipped as the head portion of Kedarnath's bull incarnation.
1. 4-Faced Chaturmukha
Only 4 Bhatt priests from Karnataka (Bhatts of South India) perform daily rituals inside the sanctum since Adi Shankaracharya's era.
2. Doleshwar (Head of Kedarnath)
Officially verified in 2009 by Kedarnath Rawal; head portion of Kedarnath bull form worshipped at Bhaktapur.
3. Gosaikunda Holy Lake
14,370 ft alpine lake created by Shiva's Trident to quench Halahala poison heat; Shravan Purnima shaman fair.
SHIVAPURI MOUNTAIN WATER TREK
Sundarijal to Pashupatinath 15-km Bol Bam Playbook
| Trek Checkpoint | Distance from Sundarijal | Landmark & Ritual Activity | Bol Bam Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Sundarijal Waterfalls | 0 km (Alt: 4,750 ft) | Pure mountain spring water collection at Shivapuri National Park cascades; Kanwar decoration. | Reach Sundarijal by 5:00 AM on Shravan Monday. |
| 2. Gokarna Mahadev Temple | 6.5 km | Midway rest camp on Bagmati river bank; foot blister care & herbal tea distribution. | Rest 20 minutes; keep Kanwar sling off ground. |
| 3. Jorpati Junction | 11.0 km | Kathmandu valley entry; vibrant dhol rhythms and saffron Bol Bam chants. | Hydrate with fresh sugarcane & lemon water. |
| 4. Guheshwari Temple | 14.0 km | Shakti Peeth near Bagmati river; paying obeisance to Mata Sati's knees (*Guhya*). | Bypass main road; follow pedestrian river trail. |
| 5. Pashupatinath Golden Gate | 15.0 km | Special Bol Bam saffron queue entry to offer Jalabhishek over Chaturmukha Lingam. | West Gate special Kanwar line opens at 3:30 AM. |
HIGH-ALTITUDE ALPINE LAKE TREK
Gosaikunda Lake Trek Playbook (14,370 ft, Rasuwa)
| Trek Checkpoint | Distance & Altitude | Key Landmark & Ritual | Trekker Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Dhunche Town (Base) | 0 km (Alt: 6,700 ft) | Rasuwa district trailhead; Langtang National Park entry permit checking. | Stay overnight to acclimatize before climbing. |
| 2. Chandanbari (Sing Gompa) | 8.0 km (Alt: 10,660 ft) | Pine forests & yak cheese factory; traditional Buddhist-Hindu mountain lodge. | Drink plenty of warm garlic soup for AMS prevention. |
| 3. Lauribina Yak Ridge | 14.0 km (Alt: 12,800 ft) | Exposed ridge trail offering views of Ganesh Himal & Manaslu peaks. | Pace slowly; wear windproof mountain jacket. |
| 4. Gosaikunda Holy Lake | 18.0 km (Alt: 14,370 ft) | Sacred glacier lake housing central stone Lingam; holy snan during Shravan Purnima. | Shaman (*Jhakri*) drum dances on Shravan Purnima night. |
HEAD OF KEDARNATH & GIANT STATUE
Doleshwar Mahadev & Kailashnath Sanga Playbooks
Bhaktapur Doleshwar & 143-ft Sanga Statue (Kathmandu Valley)
Located 20 km east of Kathmandu in Bhaktapur district, **Doleshwar Mahadev** is worshipped as the head portion of Kedarnath. Nearby at Sanga border stands **Kailashnath Mahadev**, a 143-foot copper-coated standing Lord Shiva statue (world's 3rd tallest).
🐂 Kedarnath Head Shrine
Doleshwar completes the Kedarnath pilgrimage — visiting both Kedarnath (hump) and Doleshwar (head) brings full mukti.
🗽 143-ft Sanga Statue
Standing copper Shiva statue at Sanga hill peak overlooking Kathmandu valley and Araniko highway.
🕳️ Halesi Maratika Cave
"Pashupatinath of East Nepal" — natural limestone cave where Lord Shiva hid from demon Bhasmasura.
STATE SPIRITUAL CIRCUIT
Nepal 7-Shiva Temple Master Circuit Table
| Shiva Shrine | District & Location | Unique Feature & Mythology | Ideal Route Connection |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Pashupatinath Temple | Kathmandu (Bagmati) | 5th-century UNESCO Pagoda temple; 4-faced Chaturmukha Lingam on Bagmati River. | 3 km from Tribhuvan Airport (KTM). |
| 2. Doleshwar Mahadev | Sipadol (Bhaktapur) | Officially verified head portion of Kedarnath Shiva bull incarnation. | 20 km east of Kathmandu city. |
| 3. Gosaikunda Alpine Lake | Rasuwa District | 14,370 ft glacial lake formed by Shiva's Trident; Shravan Purnima fair. | 118 km north of Kathmandu via Dhunche. |
| 4. Kailashnath Mahadev | Sanga (Kavrepalanchok) | 143-foot standing Lord Shiva copper statue on hill top overlooking valley. | 20 km east of Kathmandu along Araniko Highway. |
| 5. Halesi Maratika Cave | Khotang District | Natural limestone cave shrine ("Eastern Pashupatinath") where Shiva hid from Bhasmasura. | 215 km east of Kathmandu. |
| 6. Gokarneshwar Mahadev | Gokarna (Kathmandu) | Ancient Swayambhu Shiva shrine on Bagmati river bank where Ravana worshipped. | 8 km northeast of Pashupatinath. |
| 7. Guheshwari Temple | Kathmandu (Pashupati Complex) | Shakti Peeth site where Mata Sati's knees (*Guhya*) fell, forming Shiva-Shakti union. | 1 km east of Pashupatinath main temple. |
SACRED HYMN TO PASHUPATINATH
Shri Pashupatayashtakam (Full 8 Verses)
Pashupatayashtakam 1
ध्यायेन्नित्यं महेशं रजतगिरिनिभं चारुचंद्रावतंसं
रत्नाकल्पोज्ज्वलांगं परशुमृगवराभीतिहस्तं प्रसन्नम्।
पद्मासीनं समन्तात्स्तुतममरगणैर्व्याघ्रकृत्तिं वसानं
विश्वाद्यं विश्वबीजं निखिलभयहरं पञ्चवक्त्रं त्रिनेत्रम्॥
रत्नाकल्पोज्ज्वलांगं परशुमृगवराभीतिहस्तं प्रसन्नम्।
पद्मासीनं समन्तात्स्तुतममरगणैर्व्याघ्रकृत्तिं वसानं
विश्वाद्यं विश्वबीजं निखिलभयहरं पञ्चवक्त्रं त्रिनेत्रम्॥
Dhyayennityam Mahesham Rajatagirinibham Charuchandravatamsam |
Ratnakalpojjvalangam Parashumrigavarabhitihastam Prasannam ||
Padmasinam Samantatstutamaraganairvyaghrakrittim Vasanam |
Vishvadyam Vishvabijam Nikhilabhayaharam Panchavaktram Trinetram ||
Ratnakalpojjvalangam Parashumrigavarabhitihastam Prasannam ||
Padmasinam Samantatstutamaraganairvyaghrakrittim Vasanam |
Vishvadyam Vishvabijam Nikhilabhayaharam Panchavaktram Trinetram ||
Meaning: I daily meditate upon Lord Maheshwara, glowing like Silver Mountain, adorned with crescent moon, five-faced and three-eyed, holding battle-axe and deer!
Pashupatayashtakam 2
पशुपतीन्दुमार्कण्डप्रभं वरदमभयदं त्रिनेत्रं
गङ्गाधरं शशिशेखरं शूलिनं महेश्वरम्।
बाणेश्वरं वृषभारूढं नीलकण्ठं नागभूषणं
तत्प्रणमामि सदाशिवं पशुपतिं भक्तप्रियम्॥
गङ्गाधरं शशिशेखरं शूलिनं महेश्वरम्।
बाणेश्वरं वृषभारूढं नीलकण्ठं नागभूषणं
तत्प्रणमामि सदाशिवं पशुपतिं भक्तप्रियम्॥
Pashupatindumarkandaprabham Varadamabhayadam Trinetram |
Gangadharam Shashishekharam Shulinam Maheshvaram ||
Baneshvaram Vrishabharudham Nilakantham Nagabhushanam |
Tatpranamami Sadashivam Pashupatim Bhaktapriyam ||
Gangadharam Shashishekharam Shulinam Maheshvaram ||
Baneshvaram Vrishabharudham Nilakantham Nagabhushanam |
Tatpranamami Sadashivam Pashupatim Bhaktapriyam ||
Meaning: Radiant like moon and sun, giver of boons and fearlessness, three-eyed holder of Ganges, rider of Nandi bull — I bow to Pashupati, beloved of devotees!
Pashupatayashtakam 3
सर्वज्ञं सर्वगं शान्तं सर्वात्मानं सनातनम्।
पशूनां पतये नित्यं पशुपतये नमः शिवाय॥
पशूनां पतये नित्यं पशुपतये नमः शिवाय॥
Sarvajnnam Sarvagam Shantam Sarvatmanam Sanatanam |
Pashunam Pataye Nityam Pashupataye Namah Shivaya ||
Pashunam Pataye Nityam Pashupataye Namah Shivaya ||
Meaning: All-knowing, all-pervading, peaceful, eternal soul of all beings — Daily salutations to Lord Pashupati, Lord of all souls!
Pashupatayashtakam 4
सद्योजातं प्रपद्यामि सद्योजाताय वै नमः।
भवे भवे नातिभवे भवस्व मां भवोद्भवाय नमः॥
भवे भवे नातिभवे भवस्व मां भवोद्भवाय नमः॥
Sadyojatam Prapadyami Sadyojataya Vai Namah |
Bhave Bhave Natibhave Bhavasva Mam Bhavodbhavaya Namah ||
Bhave Bhave Natibhave Bhavasva Mam Bhavodbhavaya Namah ||
Meaning: I take refuge in Sadyojata (West Face of Pashupati); salutations to Him! Protect me from repeated birth and worldly sorrow!
Pashupatayashtakam 5
वामदेवाय नमो ज्येष्ठाय नमः श्रेष्ठाय नमः।
रुद्राय नमः कालाय नमः कलविकरणाय नमः॥
रुद्राय नमः कालाय नमः कलविकरणाय नमः॥
Vamadevaya Namo Jyeshthaya Namah Shreshthaya Namah |
Rudraya Namah Kalaya Namah Kalavikaranaya Namah ||
Rudraya Namah Kalaya Namah Kalavikaranaya Namah ||
Meaning: Salutations to Vamadeva (North Face), the Eldest, the Supreme, Rudra, Master of Time, and subduer of change!
Pashupatayashtakam 6
तत्पुरुषाय विद्महे महादेवाय धीमहि।
तन्नो रुद्रः प्रचोदयात्॥
तन्नो रुद्रः प्रचोदयात्॥
Tatpurushaya Vidmahe Mahadevaya Dhimahi |
Tanno Rudrah Prachodayat ||
Tanno Rudrah Prachodayat ||
Meaning: May we know Tatpurusha (East Face), may we meditate upon Mahadeva; May Lord Rudra inspire and enlighten our intellect!
Pashupatayashtakam 7
अघोरेभ्योऽथ घोरेभ्यो घोरघोरतरेभ्यः।
सर्वेभ्यः सर्वशर्वेभ्यो नमस्ते अस्तु रुद्ररूपेभ्यः॥
सर्वेभ्यः सर्वशर्वेभ्यो नमस्ते अस्तु रुद्ररूपेभ्यः॥
Aghorebhyo'tha Ghorebhyo Ghoraghoratarebhyah |
Sarvebhyah Sarvasharvebhyo Namaste Astu Rudrarupebhyah ||
Sarvebhyah Sarvasharvebhyo Namaste Astu Rudrarupebhyah ||
Meaning: Salutations to Aghora (South Face), gentle yet fierce, subduer of all terrifying cosmic forces in Rudra's forms!
Pashupatayashtakam 8 (Phala Shruti)
ईशानः सर्वविद्यानामीश्वरः सर्वभूतानाम्।
ब्रह्माधिपतिर्ब्रह्मणोऽधिपतिर्ब्रह्मा शिवो मे अस्तु सदाशिवोऽम्॥
ब्रह्माधिपतिर्ब्रह्मणोऽधिपतिर्ब्रह्मा शिवो मे अस्तु सदाशिवोऽम्॥
Ishanah Sarvavidyanam-Ishvarah Sarvabhutanam |
Brahmadhipatir-Brahmanodhipatir-Brahma Shivo Me Astu Sadashivom ||
Brahmadhipatir-Brahmanodhipatir-Brahma Shivo Me Astu Sadashivom ||
Meaning: Lord Ishana (Skyward Face), Master of all knowledge, Lord of all beings, supreme sovereign of Brahma — May eternal Sadashiva bestow grace upon me!
RAVANA COMPOSITION
Shiva Tandava Stotram (Select 4 Verses)
Shiva Tandava 1
जटाटवीगलज्जलप्रवाहपावितस्थले
गलेऽवलम्ब्य लम्बितां भुजङ्गतुङ्गमालिकाम्।
डमड्डमड्डमड्डमन्निनादवड्डमर्वयं
चकार चण्डताण्डवं तनोतु नः शिवः शिवम्॥
गलेऽवलम्ब्य लम्बितां भुजङ्गतुङ्गमालिकाम्।
डमड्डमड्डमड्डमन्निनादवड्डमर्वयं
चकार चण्डताण्डवं तनोतु नः शिवः शिवम्॥
Jatatasvigalajjalapravahapavitasthale Gale'valambya Lambitam Bhujangatungamalikam |
Damaddamaddamaddamanninadavaddamarvayam Chakara Chandatandavam Tanotu Nah Shivah Shivam ||
Damaddamaddamaddamanninadavaddamarvayam Chakara Chandatandavam Tanotu Nah Shivah Shivam ||
Meaning: With matted hair purified by flowing Ganges stream, wearing a garland of serpents around neck, performing ferocious Tandava dance to Damaru drum beats — May Lord Shiva extend auspiciousness!
Shiva Tandava 2
जटाकटाहसंभ्रमभ्रमन्निलिंपनिर्झरी-
विचोलवीचिवल्लरीविराजमानमूर्धनि।
धगद्धगद्धगज्ज्वलल्ललाटपवकावके
किशोरचंद्रशेखरे रतिः प्रतिक्षणं मम॥
विचोलवीचिवल्लरीविराजमानमूर्धनि।
धगद्धगद्धगज्ज्वलल्ललाटपवकावके
किशोरचंद्रशेखरे रतिः प्रतिक्षणं मम॥
Jatakatahasambhramabhramannilimpanirjhari- Vicholavichivallarivirajamanamurdhani |
Dhagaddhagaddhagajjvalallalatapavakavake Kishorachandrashekhare Ratih Pratikshanam Mama ||
Dhagaddhagaddhagajjvalallalatapavakavake Kishorachandrashekhare Ratih Pratikshanam Mama ||
Meaning: Whose matted locks hold swirling Ganges waves, whose forehead third-eye burns with blazing fire — May my mind find delight in that crescent-adorned Shiva!
Shiva Tandava 3
धराधरेन्द्रनन्दिनीविलासबन्धुबन्धुर
स्फुरद्दिगन्तसन्ततिप्रमोदमानमानसे।
कृपाकटाक्षधोरणीनिरुद्धदुर्धरापदि
क्वचिद्दिगम्बरे मनो विनोदमेतु वस्तुनि॥
स्फुरद्दिगन्तसन्ततिप्रमोदमानमानसे।
कृपाकटाक्षधोरणीनिरुद्धदुर्धरापदि
क्वचिद्दिगम्बरे मनो विनोदमेतु वस्तुनि॥
Dharadharendranandinivilasabandhubandhura Sphuraddigantasantatipramodamanamanase |
Kripakatakshadhoraniniruddhadurdharapadi Kvachiddigambare Mano Vinodametu Vastuni ||
Kripakatakshadhoraniniruddhadurdharapadi Kvachiddigambare Mano Vinodametu Vastuni ||
Meaning: Consort of Parvati (Mountain Daughter), whose glance of mercy dispels impossible hardships — May my mind rejoice in that Digambara Shiva!
Shiva Tandava 4
सहस्रलोचनप्रभृत्यशेषलेखशेखर-
प्रसूनधूलिधोरणीविधूसराङ्घ्रिपीठभूः।
भुजङ्गराजमालया निबद्धजाटजूटकः
श्रियै चिराय जायतां चकोरबन्धुशेखरः॥
प्रसूनधूलिधोरणीविधूसराङ्घ्रिपीठभूः।
भुजङ्गराजमालया निबद्धजाटजूटकः
श्रियै चिराय जायतां चकोरबन्धुशेखरः॥
Sahasralochanaprabrityasheshalekhashekhara- Prasunadhulidhoranividhusaranghripithabhuh |
Bhujangarajamalaya Nibaddhajatajutakah Shriyai Chiraya Jayatam Chakorabandhushekharah ||
Bhujangarajamalaya Nibaddhajatajutakah Shriyai Chiraya Jayatam Chakorabandhushekharah ||
Meaning: Whose footstool is greyed by flower pollen from prostrating devas led by Indra, whose matted hair is bound with serpent king — May that crescent moon Shiva grant eternal prosperity!
SACRED RECITATIONS
Shiva Ashtottara Shatanamavali (108 Divine Names)
Reciting the 108 names of Lord Shiva during Pashupatinath and Nepal Himalayan Shravan Abhishekam:
1. ॐ पशुपतये नमः
Om Pashupataye Namah
Lord of All Living Beings
2. ॐ चतुर्मुखलिङ्गाय नमः
Om Chaturmukhalingaya Namah
Lord of 4-Faced Sacred Lingam
3. ॐ दोलेश्वरमहादेवाय नमः
Om Doleshvaramahadevaya Namah
Head Portion of Kedarnath Shiva
4. ॐ गोसाईकुण्डनाथाय नमः
Om Gosaikundanathaya Namah
Lord of 14,370 ft Alpine Lake
5. ॐ श्लेष्मातकवनवासिने नमः
Om Sleshmatakavanavasine Namah
Dweller of Sleshmataka Forest
6. ॐ बागमतीजलप्रियाय नमः
Om Bagmatijalapriyaya Namah
Lover of Holy Bagmati Waters
7. ॐ शिवाय नमः
Om Shivaya Namah
The Pure & Auspicious One
8. ॐ महेश्वराय नमः
Om Maheshvaraya Namah
The Great Supreme Lord
9. ॐ शम्भवे नमः
Om Shambhave Namah
Bestower of Happiness
10. ॐ पिनाकिने नमः
Om Pinakine Namah
Holder of Bow Pinaka
11. ॐ शशिशेखराय नमः
Om Shashishekharaya Namah
Adorned with Crescent Moon
12. ॐ वामदेवाय नमः
Om Vamadevaya Namah
Noble Graceful Form
13. ॐ विरूपाक्षाय नमः
Om Virupakshaya Namah
Formless Eyes Lord
14. ॐ कपर्दिने नमः
Om Kapardine Namah
Lord of Matted Locks
15. ॐ नीलोलोहिताय नमः
Om Nilalohitaya Namah
Blue & Red Radiant Lord
16. ॐ शंकराय नमः
Om Shankaraya Namah
Giver of Peace & Joy
17. ॐ शूलपाणये नमः
Om Shulapanaye Namah
Wielder of Trident
18. ॐ खट्वांगिने नमः
Om Khatvangine Namah
Bearer of Skull-Staff
19. ॐ विष्णुवल्लभाय नमः
Om Vishnuvallabhaya Namah
Beloved of Lord Vishnu
20. ॐ शिपिविष्टाय नमः
Om Shipivishtaya Namah
Pervaded by Divine Rays
21. ॐ अम्बिकानाथाय नमः
Om Ambikanathaya Namah
Consort of Goddess Ambika
22. ॐ श्रीकण्ठाय नमः
Om Shrikanthaya Namah
Glorious Blue Throat
23. ॐ भक्तवत्सलाय नमः
Om Bhaktavatsalaya Namah
Affectionate to Devotees
24. ॐ शर्वाय नमः
Om Sharvaya Namah
Remover of Sufferings
25. ॐ त्रिलोकेशाय नमः
Om Trilokeshaya Namah
Ruler of Three Worlds
26. ॐ शितिकण्ठाय नमः
Om Shitikanthaya Namah
Dark Throated Lord
27. ॐ शिवाप्रियाय नमः
Om Shivapriyaya Namah
Beloved of Goddess Parvati
28. ॐ उग्राय नमः
Om Ugraya Namah
Fierce Cosmic Form
29. ॐ कपालिने नमः
Om Kapaline Namah
Bearer of Sacred Skull
30. ॐ कामारये नमः
Om Kamaraye Namah
Conqueror of Desire
31. ॐ अन्धकासुरसूदनाय नमः
Om Andhakasurasudanaya Namah
Slayer of Demon Andhaka
32. ॐ गंगाधराय नमः
Om Gangadharaya Namah
Holder of Holy Ganges
33. ॐ ललाटाक्षाय नमः
Om Lalatakshaya Namah
Third Eye on Forehead
34. ॐ कालकालाय नमः
Om Kalakalaya Namah
Master of Time & Death
35. ॐ कृपानिधये नमः
Om Kripanidhaye Namah
Ocean of Compassion
36. ॐ भीमाय नमः
Om Bhimaya Namah
Tremendous Divine Strength
37. ॐ परशुहस्ताय नमः
Om Parashuhastaya Namah
Holding Battle Axe
38. ॐ मृगपाणये नमः
Om Mrigapanaye Namah
Holding Gentle Deer
39. ॐ जटाधराय नमः
Om Jatadharaya Namah
Adorned with Matted Hair
40. ॐ कैलाशवासिने नमः
Om Kailashavasine Namah
Dweller of Kailash Peak
41. ॐ कवचिने नमः
Om Kavachine Namah
Protected by Armor
42. ॐ कठोराय नमः
Om Kathoraya Namah
Unshakable Firmness
43. ॐ त्रिपुरान्तकाय नमः
Om Tripurantakaya Namah
Destroyer of Tripura Forts
44. ॐ वृषांकाय नमः
Om Vrishankaya Namah
Symbolized by Bull
45. ॐ वृषभारूढाय नमः
Om Vrishabharudhaya Namah
Rider of Nandi Bull
46. ॐ भस्मोद्धूलितविग्रहाय नमः
Om Bhasmoddhulitavigrahaya Namah
Anointed with Sacred Ash
47. ॐ सामप्रियाय नमः
Om Samapriyaya Namah
Lover of Sama Veda Chants
48. ॐ स्वरमयाय नमः
Om Svaramayaya Namah
Embodiment of Musical Notes
49. ॐ त्रयीमूर्तये नमः
Om Trayimurtaye Namah
Form of Three Vedas
50. ॐ अनीश्वराय नमः
Om Anishvaraya Namah
Having No Ruler Above
51. ॐ सर्वज्ञाय नमः
Om Sarvajnaya Namah
All-Knowing Omniscient Lord
52. ॐ परमात्मने नमः
Om Paramatmane Namah
The Supreme Soul
53. ॐ सोमसूर्याग्निलोचनाय नमः
Om Somasuryagnilochanaya Namah
Eyes of Sun, Moon & Fire
54. ॐ हविषे नमः
Om Havishe Namah
Sacred Oblation
55. ॐ यज्ञमयाय नमः
Om Yajnamayaya Namah
Embodiment of Sacrifice
56. ॐ सोमनाथाय नमः
Om Somanathaya Namah
Lord of Somnath Shrine
57. ॐ मल्लिकार्जुनाय नमः
Om Mallikarjunaya Namah
Lord of Srisailam Shrine
58. ॐ महाकालेश्वराय नमः
Om Mahakaleshvaraya Namah
Lord of Ujjain Shrine
59. ॐ ओंकारेश्वराय नमः
Om Omkareshvaraya Namah
Lord of Omkareshwar Shrine
60. ॐ भीमाशंकराय नमः
Om Bhimashankaraya Namah
Lord of Bhimashankar Shrine
61. ॐ विश्वनाथाय नमः
Om Vishvanathaya Namah
Lord of Kashi Shrine
62. ॐ त्र्यम्बकेश्वराय नमः
Om Tryambakeshvaraya Namah
Lord of Trimbakeshwar Shrine
63. ॐ वैद्यनाथाय नमः
Om Vaidyanathaya Namah
Lord of Deoghar & Baijnath
64. ॐ नागेश्वराय नमः
Om Nageshvaraya Namah
Lord of Nageshwar Shrine
65. ॐ रामेश्वराय नमः
Om Ramesharaya Namah
Lord of Rameshwaram Shrine
66. ॐ घृष्णेश्वराय नमः
Om Ghrishneshvaraya Namah
Lord of Ghrishneshwar Shrine
67. ॐ नीलकण्ठाय नमः
Om Nilakanthaya Namah
Blue-Throated Lord
68. ॐ मृत्युंजयाय नमः
Om Mrityunjayaya Namah
Conqueror of Death
69. ॐ त्रिनेत्राय नमः
Om Trinetraya Namah
Lord with Three Eyes
70. ॐ रुद्राय नमः
Om Rudraya Namah
Fierce Roaring Lord
71. ॐ सद्योजाताय नमः
Om Sadyojataya Namah
West Face of Pashupati
72. ॐ अघोराय नमः
Om Aghoraya Namah
South Face of Pashupati
73. ॐ तत्पुरुषाय नमः
Om Tatpurushaya Namah
East Face of Pashupati
74. ॐ ईशानाय नमः
Om Ishanaya Namah
Skyward Face of Pashupati
75. ॐ सदाशिवाय नमः
Om Sadashivaya Namah
Eternally Auspicious Lord
76. ॐ अनन्ताय नमः
Om Anantaya Namah
Boundless Infinite Lord
77. ॐ सूक्ष्ममूर्तये नमः
Om Sukshmamurtaye Namah
Subtle Cosmic Presence
78. ॐ सर्वेश्वराय नमः
Om Sarveshvaraya Namah
Sovereign Lord of All
79. ॐ जगद्गुरवे नमः
Om Jagadgurave Namah
Guru of the Universe
80. ॐ व्योमकेशाय नमः
Om Vyomakeshaya Namah
Hair Made of Sky Space
81. ॐ भस्मप्रियाय नमः
Om Bhasmapriyaya Namah
Lover of Holy Ashes
82. ॐ त्रिकालज्ञाय नमः
Om Trikalajnaya Namah
Knower of Past, Present, Future
83. ॐ सर्वदुःखहराय नमः
Om Sarvaduhkhaharaya Namah
Destroyer of All Misery
84. ॐ अमृतेश्वराय नमः
Om Amriteshvaraya Namah
Lord of Nectar Immortality
85. ॐ उग्रतेजसे नमः
Om Ugratejase Namah
Fierce Splendor Light
86. ॐ महातेजसे नमः
Om Mahatejase Namah
Great Cosmic Luminosity
87. ॐ ज्ञानमयाय नमः
Om Jnanamayaya Namah
Embodiment of Wisdom
88. ॐ मुक्तिदाय नमः
Om Muktidayaya Namah
Giver of Supreme Liberation
89. ॐ भक्तपालकाय नमः
Om Bhaktapalakaya Namah
Protector of True Devotees
90. ॐ कामदहनाय नमः
Om Kamadahanaya Namah
Burner of Desire
91. ॐ विश्वरूपाय नमः
Om Vishvarupaya Namah
Universal Form Lord
92. ॐ विश्वेश्वराय नमः
Om Vishveshvaraya Namah
Lord of Entire Universe
93. ॐ कल्याणात्मने नमः
Om Kalyanatmane Namah
Auspicious Soul of All
94. ॐ शिवतराय नमः
Om Shivataraya Namah
Most Auspicious Being
95. ॐ परमेश्वराय नमः
Om Parameshvaraya Namah
Supreme Divinity Lord
96. ॐ निरंजनाय नमः
Om Niranjanaya Namah
Pure Spotless Truth
97. ॐ निराभासाय नमः
Om Nirabhasaya Namah
Illusionless Being
98. ॐ नित्यसुन्दर्याय नमः
Om Nityasundaraya Namah
Eternally Beautiful Lord
99. ॐ सत्यव्रताय नमः
Om Satyavrataya Namah
Embodiment of Vow of Truth
100. ॐ सत्यस्वरूपाय नमः
Om Satyasvarupaya Namah
Truth Incarnate
101. ॐ अनन्तदृष्टये नमः
Om Anantadrishtaye Namah
Infinite Vision Lord
102. ॐ आनन्दमयाय नमः
Om Anandamayaya Namah
Embodiment of Bliss
103. ॐ चिन्मयाय नमः
Om Chinmayaya Namah
Embodiment of Pure Consciousness
104. ॐ सच्चिदानन्दाय नमः
Om Satchidanandaya Namah
Existence, Consciousness & Bliss
105. ॐ नेपालदेशनाथाय नमः
Om Nepaladeshanathaya Namah
Lord of Nepal Himalayan Realm
106. ॐ काठमाण्डूक्षेत्रपालकाय नमः
Om Kathmandu-Kshetrapalakaya Namah
Guardian of Kathmandu Valley
107. ॐ सुन्दरीजलप्रियाय नमः
Om Sundarijalapriyaya Namah
Lover of Sundarijal Mountain Water
108. ॐ श्रीपशुपतिनाथनेपालमहादेवाय नमः
Om Shri Pashupatinatha-Nepalamahadevaya Namah
Supreme Divinity of Pashupatinath & Nepal Shrines
TRAVEL & LOGISTICS
Tribhuvan Airport & Border Crossing Playbook
Reaching Kathmandu & Nepal Himalayan Shrines
Tribhuvan International Airport (KTM) in Kathmandu is located just 3 km west of Pashupatinath Temple. Indian citizens do not require a visa — valid Passport or Voter ID card is sufficient for entry.
✈️ Flight from India
Direct 1.5-hour flights connect Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Varanasi, and Bengaluru to Kathmandu (KTM).
🚌 Raxaul-Birgunj Border
Overland entry via Raxaul (Bihar) -> Birgunj -> Kathmandu via Hetauda Highway (6 hours drive).
🏨 Gaushala & Thamel Stay
Dharmashalas around Gaushala (Pashupati area) and heritage hotels in Thamel offer pilgrim accommodation.
HELP DESK & SAFETY
Emergency Contact Directory
Pashupati Area Development Trust
📞 +977-1-4470358 / pashupatinath.org.np
Nepal Tourist Police Headquarters
📞 +977-1-4247041 / Dial 1144
Indian Embassy Kathmandu
📞 +977-1-4410900 / indembkathmandu.gov.in
Norvic International Hospital
📞 +977-1-4258554
Nepal Tourism Board (NTB)
📞 +977-1-4256909 / welcome-nepal.com
Himalayan Rescue Association (AMS)
📞 +977-1-4440292
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Pashupatinath & Nepal Shravan Yatra FAQs
Q: What are the exact dates for Shravan month in Nepal in 2026?
In Nepal (Nepali Bikram Sambat Calendar), Shravan month starts on July 17, 2026, and concludes on August 16, 2026. Special Shravan Monday Pujas at Pashupatinath occur on July 20, July 27, August 3, and August 10, 2026.
Q: What is the 4-faced Chaturmukha Lingam at Pashupatinath?
The central Shiva Lingam at Pashupatinath features 4 distinct carved faces representing Sadyojata (west), Vamadeva (north), Tatpurusha (east), and Aghora (south), with the uncarved top portion representing Ishana facing skyward.
Q: What is the Sundarijal to Pashupatinath Bol Bam Yatra?
Bol Bam Kanwariyas collect holy spring water from Sundarijal waterfalls in Shivapuri National Park and trek 15 km barefoot to offer Jalabhishek to Lord Pashupatinath in Kathmandu.
Q: What is Doleshwar Mahadev Temple in Bhaktapur?
Doleshwar Mahadev is officially recognized as the head portion of Kedarnath Shiva. According to legend, when Shiva disguised as a bull ran from the Pandavas, His body split — the hump fell at Kedarnath and the head emerged at Doleshwar.
Q: Do Indian citizens need a visa or passport to visit Pashupatinath Nepal?
Indian citizens do not require a visa to enter Nepal. Valid identification such as an Indian Passport or Election Commission Voter ID card is accepted at Tribhuvan Airport and land borders.
Q: Are non-Hindus allowed inside Pashupatinath Main Temple courtyard?
As per ancient temple traditions, non-Hindus are not permitted inside the inner courtyard. However, non-Hindu visitors can view the pagoda spires and Bagmati Aarti from across the eastern river bank.
Q: Who performs the daily Pujas inside Pashupatinath Temple?
Only four Bhatt priests hailing from South India (Karnataka) perform daily rituals inside the sanctum, a tradition established by Adi Shankaracharya in the 8th century CE.
Q: What is the altitude of Gosaikunda Lake?
Gosaikunda is a sacred high-altitude alpine lake situated at an elevation of 14,370 feet (4,380 meters) in the Langtang National Park, Rasuwa district.
Q: How to reach Gosaikunda Lake from Kathmandu?
Take a local bus or Jeep from Kathmandu to Dhunche town (118 km, 7 hours drive), and then undertake a 2-day mountain trek via Chandanbari (Sing Gompa) and Lauribina ridge.
Q: What is the height of Kailashnath Mahadev statue in Sanga?
Kailashnath Mahadev in Sanga (20 km east of Kathmandu) is a 143-foot (43.5 meters) standing copper-coated Lord Shiva statue, making it the third tallest Lord Shiva statue in the world.
Q: What is Bagmati River Sandhya Aarti at Pashupatinath?
Every evening at 6:30 PM, priests perform a mesmerizing Bagmati Ganga Aarti with multi-tiered brass oil lamps, Vedic chants, and musical instruments opposite the main temple ghats.
Q: What is Halesi Maratika Cave in East Nepal?
Known as the "Eastern Pashupatinath" in Khotang district, Halesi Maratika is a natural limestone cave shrine where Lord Shiva hid from the demon Bhasmasura.
Q: Are Indian Rupees (INR) accepted in Kathmandu Nepal?
Yes. Indian Rupee notes of ₹100, ₹50, ₹20, and ₹10 are widely accepted across Kathmandu shops and hotels at the official fixed rate (₹100 INR = 160 NPR).
Q: What is the distance between Tribhuvan Airport and Pashupatinath?
Pashupatinath Temple is located just 3 km west of Tribhuvan International Airport (approx 10 minutes taxi drive).
Q: What is Guheshwari Temple near Pashupatinath?
Guheshwari Temple (located 1 km east of Pashupatinath) is a revered Shakti Peeth where Mata Sati's knees (*Guhya*) fell, forming an essential Shiva-Shakti pilgrimage pair.
Q: What are the temple opening hours at Pashupatinath?
Pashupatinath four main gates open at 4:00 AM for morning Abhishekam, close at 12:00 PM noon, reopen at 5:00 PM for Sandhya Aarti, and close at 9:00 PM.
Q: Is Special Darshan pass available for Senior Citizens at Pashupatinath?
Yes. Pashupati Area Development Trust provides priority queue access passes for senior citizens, disabled pilgrims, and international passport holders at the West Gate ticket counter.
Q: What is Sleshmataka Forest near Pashupatinath?
Sleshmataka (Mrigasthali) is a dense sacred forest hill located opposite Pashupatinath Temple where Lord Shiva roamed as a golden deer.
Q: Are SIM cards available at Kathmandu airport for Indian travelers?
Yes. Ncell and Nepal Telecom counters at Tribhuvan Airport arrival hall issue local tourist SIM cards instantly with a copy of Indian Passport/Voter ID and a passport photo.
Q: What is the age of Pashupatinath Temple?
While the present two-tiered golden pagoda was rebuilt in 1696 CE by King Bhupatindra Malla, historic stone inscriptions date the temple sanctum back to 400 CE.
Q: Is photography allowed inside Pashupatinath inner courtyard?
No. Photography and videography are strictly prohibited inside the main golden pagoda courtyard. Photos can be taken from the eastern Bagmati riverbank viewpoint.
Q: What food is available in Pashupatinath area?
Pure vegetarian Marwari bhojanalayas, South Indian tiffin centers, and Nepalese Thali restaurants are abundant along Gaushala Road and Tilganga.
Q: What emergency medical help is available in Kathmandu?
Norvic International Hospital: +977-1-4258554, Tourist Police: 1144, Indian Embassy Helpdesk: +977-1-4410900.
Q: Why do Bol Bam Kanwariyas collect water from Sundarijal?
Sundarijal (meaning Beautiful Water) flows directly from pure mountain springs in Shivapuri National Park, making it the most pristine water for offering Jalabhishek to Pashupatinath.
Q: What is the distance between Kathmandu and Bhaktapur Doleshwar?
Doleshwar Mahadev in Sipadol, Bhaktapur is located 20 km east of Kathmandu city center (approx 45 minutes drive).
Q: Are local taxis easily available from Kathmandu airport to Pashupatinath?
Yes. Pre-paid airport taxis and Pathao/InDrive ride-hailing apps operate 24/7 from Tribhuvan Airport to Pashupatinath Gaushala.
Q: What is the significance of the silver Nandi bull at Pashupatinath?
A giant 6-foot gilded bronze and silver Nandi bull stands prostrate outside the western entrance of the main pagoda facing the 4-faced Lingam.
Q: What is the best month to trek to Gosaikunda Lake?
Shravan month (August) for the sacred pilgrimage and shaman fair, or autumn (September to November) for crystal clear mountain views of Ganesh Himal.
Q: What is the significance of the 4 faces of Pashupatinath Lingam?
Each face of the Chaturmukha Lingam represents a direction, a Vedam, and a cosmic attribute: West (Sadyojata - Rigveda), North (Vamadeva - Samaveda), East (Tatpurusha - Yajurveda), and South (Aghora - Atharvaveda).
Q: How do priests perform Abhishekam over the 4-faced Lingam?
The Bhatt priests pour sacred Panchamrit (milk, curd, ghee, honey, sugar) and Bagmati spring water simultaneously over all four faces of the silver-cased Lingam during morning rituals.
Q: What is the tradition of Nepal Kings paying homage at Pashupatinath?
Historically, the Kings of Nepal ruled under the divine authority of Lord Pashupatinath, receiving royal crowns only after seeking blessings at the main sanctum.
Q: Are lockers available for storing leather items at Pashupatinath?
Yes. Free shoe stands and leather item storage counters operated by the Pashupati Area Development Trust are located outside all four main entry gates.
Q: What is the significance of Shravan Mondays at Pashupatinath?
Shravan Mondays are considered the holiest days of the year at Pashupatinath; over 300,000 devotees queue up from 2:00 AM to perform Jalabhishek.
Q: Can pilgrims buy Rudraksha beads near Pashupatinath Temple?
Yes. Genuine Nepali Rudraksha beads (including 1 to 14 Mukhi beads) sourced from Eastern Nepal trees are sold at authorized shops along the Pashupatinath temple walkway.
Q: What is the distance between Raxaul Border and Kathmandu?
Raxaul / Birgunj border (Nepal-India border) is located 135 km south of Kathmandu via the Tribhuvan Highway / Fast Track route (approx 5-6 hours drive).
Q: Are pure vegetarian meals available along the Sundarijal Bol Bam trek route?
Yes. Local youth clubs and religious organizations set up free water and fruit refreshment stalls along the 15 km trek from Sundarijal to Pashupatinath.
Q: What is the significance of the Arya Ghat crematorium at Pashupatinath?
Arya Ghat, located on the banks of Bagmati River right beside the temple, is Nepal's most sacred open-air cremation site where royal family members and citizens are consigned to the holy river.
Q: How does the Gosaikunda Shravan Purnima Shaman Fair work?
On Shravan Purnima night, hundreds of traditional Tamang and Gurung shamans (*Jhakris*) dressed in white gowns and peacock feather crowns climb to 14,370 ft, dancing to drum beats around Gosaikunda Lake.
Q: Are mountain rescue services available during the Gosaikunda trek?
Yes. The Himalayan Rescue Association (HRA) operates temporary medical camps and oxygen stations at Lauribina and Gosaikunda during peak Shravan month.
Q: What is the significance of the golden Gajur pinnacle atop Pashupatinath pagoda?
The two-tiered pagoda roof of Pashupatinath is crowned by a massive gold-gilded spire (*Gajur*), symbolizing the cosmic axis connecting earth to Mount Kailash.
Q: Can pilgrims visit Budhanilkantha (Sleeping Vishnu) along with Pashupatinath?
Yes. Budhanilkantha Temple (housing a 5-meter colossal black stone idol of Lord Vishnu reclining on serpents) is located 8 km north of Pashupatinath at the foot of Shivapuri Hill.
Q: What is the tradition of offering Belpatra and milk at Pashupatinath?
Devotees offer fresh Bilva leaves, unboiled cow milk, Datura flowers, and holy Bagmati water through four outer doors facing the four silver faces of the Lingam.
Q: Are ATM machines available near Pashupatinath Temple area?
Yes. Nabil Bank, Everest Bank, and SBI Nepal ATMs supporting Indian debit cards are located at Gaushala Chowk right outside the West Gate.
Q: What is the best weather season to visit Kathmandu for Shravan Yatra?
July and August bring fresh monsoon greenery across Kathmandu Valley, filling Sundarijal waterfalls and Bagmati River with sacred mountain waters.
Q: How was the Kedarnath-Doleshwar link officially confirmed?
In 2009, 1008 Jagadguru Bhimashankarlinga Shivacharya (Head Priest of Kedarnath) performed holy rituals at Doleshwar Bhaktapur and issued a formal declaration confirming Doleshwar as the head of Kedarnath.