Total Waterbodies
370 Documented
States & UTs
30 Regions
Limnological Clusters
7 Typologies
Highest Altitude
5,430 m (Gurudongmar)
Largest Lagoon
1,165 sq km (Chilika)
| ID | Lake & Field Guide | State & District | Cluster & Typology | Elevation | Bathymetry | Ecological Avifauna |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LK-001 |
Chagar Tso (Chagar Lake) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Moraine Tarn |
4,500 m (14,764 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.8 sq km | Brahminy duck, Himalayan golden eagle, Snow pigeon, Chukar partridge... |
LK-002 |
Startspuk Tso (Freshwater Companion of Tso Kar) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Freshwater Alpine Wetland |
4,535 m (14,879 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 3 sq km | Breeding Black-necked crane, Tibetan snowcock, Brahminy shelduck, Brown-headed g... |
LK-003 |
Drang-Drung Lake (Proglacial Lake of Drang-Drung Glacier) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Kargil |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Proglacial Moraine Dammed Lake |
4,400 m (14,435 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.6 sq km | Tibetan snowcock, Alpine accentor, Himalayan griffon, Snow leopard roaming surro... |
LK-004 |
Stat Tso (Twin Lakes of Pensi La (Stat Tso)) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Kargil |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Alpine Pass Tarn |
4,401 m (14,439 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | Brahminy duck pairs, Himalayan marmot colonies, Horned lark... |
LK-005 |
Lang Tso (Twin Lakes of Pensi La (Lang Tso)) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Kargil |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Alpine Pass Tarn |
4,402 m (14,442 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.2 sq km | Bar-headed goose, Ruddy shelduck, Tibetan wolf tracks on shoreline mud... |
LK-006 |
Kyagar Tso (Kiagar Tso (Alternative Basin)) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Brackish Plateau Tarn |
4,670 m (15,322 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 2.5 sq km | Kiang (Tibetan wild ass), Himalayan marmot, Bar-headed goose, Urial... |
LK-007 |
Hanle Wetland Lake (Hanle Basin High-Altitude Tarn) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Cold Desert Wetland Basin |
4,260 m (13,976 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 3.5 sq km | Key breeding ground for Black-necked cranes, Tibetan lark, Bar-headed goose, Tib... |
LK-008 |
Chushul Wetland Lake (Chushul Valley Lake) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Periglacial Border Marsh Lake |
4,360 m (14,304 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 1.8 sq km | Black-necked crane, Tibetan wolf, Tibetan gazelle (Goa), Eurasian eagle owl... |
LK-009 |
Sonasar Lake (Golden Lake of Pahalgam) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Anantnag |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Cirque Tarn |
3,800 m (12,467 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 0.2 sq km | Snow trout, Alpine chough, Snow pigeon, Himalayan marmot... |
LK-010 |
Alapathar Lake (Frozen Lake of Gulmarg) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Baramulla |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Cirque Glacial Tarn |
3,810 m (12,500 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Alpine accentor, Red-fronted serin, Himalayan griffon, Snow partridge... |
LK-011 |
Harwan Reservoir (Dachigam Royal Water Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Srinagar |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Colonial-Era Engineered Catchment Reservoir |
1,710 m (5,610 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.25 sq km | Gateway to Dachigam National Park: Hangul (Kashmir stag), Himalayan black bear, ... |
LK-012 |
Hygam Wetland Reserve (Haigam Jheel Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Baramulla |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Floodplain Sedge Wetland & Ramsar Site |
1,580 m (5,184 ft) | Max Depth: 2 m | Area: 8.02 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); critical winter staging habitat along Central Asian Flyway f... |
LK-013 |
Shalbugh Wetland Reserve (Shalbugh Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Ganderbal |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Riverine Floodplain Wetland & Ramsar Site |
1,580 m (5,184 ft) | Max Depth: 2.2 m | Area: 16.75 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); hosts over 400,000 migratory waterfowl annually: Greylag goo... |
LK-014 |
Chandan Sar Lake (Pir Panjal Seven Lakes Circuit (Chandan Sar)) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Poonch |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Alpine Tarn |
3,980 m (13,058 ft) | Max Depth: 22 m | Area: 0.4 sq km | Alpine chough, Snow pigeon, Himalayan brown bear, Snow leopard tracks on high pa... |
LK-015 |
Katora Sar Lake (Bowl Lake of Pir Panjal) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Shopian |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Tarn |
3,850 m (12,631 ft) | Max Depth: 16 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | Snowcock, Red-billed chough, Golden eagle, Mountain pika... |
LK-016 |
Bhag Sar Lake (Tiger Lake of Pir Panjal) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Shopian |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Alpine Glacial Tarn |
3,750 m (12,303 ft) | Max Depth: 14 m | Area: 0.2 sq km | Himalayan monal, Lammergeier, Blue sheep, Snow trout... |
LK-017 |
Mahakali Lake (Goddess Kali's Alpine Tarn) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Chamba |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Sacred Glacial Tarn |
4,080 m (13,386 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Snow partridge, Himalayan griffon, Musk deer in birch forests below, Alpine acce... |
LK-018 |
Machhial Lake (Sacred Mahseer Fish Lake of Mandi) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Mandi |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Lowland Riverine Natural Pool & Sacred Fish Shrine |
850 m (2,789 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.03 sq km | Dense schools of sacred Mahseer fish, White-throated kingfisher, Plumbeous water... |
LK-019 |
Lama Dal Lake (Cluster of Seven Sacred Lakes) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Chamba |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Lake |
3,960 m (12,992 ft) | Max Depth: 25 m | Area: 0.4 sq km | Snow pigeon, Golden eagle, Himalayan tahr, Snow leopard tracks on winter snow... |
LK-020 |
Kamrunag Lake (Lake of Gold & Silver Offerings) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Mandi |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Ridge Meadow Lake & Ancient Treasury |
3,334 m (10,938 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Himalayan monal, Koklass pheasant, Leopard in surrounding cedar forest, Black be... |
LK-021 |
Pong Dam Lake (Maharana Pratap Sagar, Beas Wetland Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Kangra |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Titanic River Valley Reservoir & Ramsar Wetland |
436 m (1,430 ft) | Max Depth: 98 m | Area: 245 sq km (length 42 km, storage capacity 8,570 million cubic meters) | Ramsar Site (2002); premier inland wetland in northern India hosting over 150,00... |
LK-022 |
Khurpatal Lake (Emerald Angling Lake of Kumaon) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Horseshoe-Shaped Mountain Tectonic Lake |
1,635 m (5,364 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Thriving population of Brown trout and Common carp; Kingfishers, Barbets, Woodpe... |
LK-023 |
Kagbhusandi Tal (Emerald Lake of the Divine Crow) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Chamoli |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Tarn |
5,280 m (17,323 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 0.4 sq km | Tibetan snowcock, Himalayan golden eagle, Alpine chough, Snow leopard roaming su... |
LK-024 |
Homkund Lake (Termination Lake of Nanda Devi Raj Jat) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Chamoli |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Moraine Alpine Tarn |
4,061 m (13,323 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Blue sheep (Bharal), Himalayan monal, Snow pigeon, High-altitude alpine flora... |
LK-025 |
Tehri Dam Reservoir (Swami Ram Tirtha Sagar, Asia's Highest Dam Lake) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Tehri Garhwal |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Colossal Multi-Purpose Rock & Earth-Fill Dam Mega-Reservoir |
830 m (2,723 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 260 m | Area: 52 sq km (storage capacity 4.0 billion cubic meters, dam height 260.5 m) | Mahseer, Snow trout, Cormorants, Gulls resting on sheltered canyon bays... |
LK-026 |
Drona Sagar Lake (Guru Dronacharya's Sacred Tank) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Udham Singh Nagar |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Ancient Historic Brick-Embankment Sacred Reservoir |
220 m (722 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Indian pond heron, Common kingfisher, Little egret, Freshwater turtles... |
LK-027 |
Nanak Matta Reservoir (Nanak Sagar, Deoha Dam Lake) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Udham Singh Nagar |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Irrigation Dam Reservoir & Sacred Pilgrimage Lake |
210 m (689 ft) | Max Depth: 16 m | Area: 22 sq km | Winter haven for migratory ducks: Pintail, Pochard, Mallard, Spot-billed duck, R... |
LK-028 |
Laxmi Pokhari (Sacred Glacial Tarn of Goechala) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Gyalshing |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Tarn |
4,350 m (14,271 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.06 sq km | Blood pheasant, Himalayan snowcock, Alpine accentor, Blue sheep... |
LK-029 |
Lampokhari Lake (Aritar Lake, Boot-Shaped Lake) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Pakyong |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Emerald Pine-Clad Mountain Lake |
1,400 m (4,593 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.04 sq km (length 340 m, boot-shaped) | Common carp, Little cormorant, Kingfishers, Barbets in surrounding virgin pine g... |
LK-030 |
Kathok Lake (Kathok Tsho, Sanctum of Lhatsun Chenpo) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Gyalshing |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Sacred Forest Monastery Tarn |
1,780 m (5,839 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.02 sq km | Little grebe, White-throated laughingthrush, Rufous sibia... |
LK-031 |
Nagula Lake (Nagula High Pass Tarn) Field Guide Available |
Arunachal Pradesh Tawang |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Alpine Cirque Lake |
4,150 m (13,615 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | Tibetan snowcock, Alpine chough, Snow pigeon; roaming yak herds... |
LK-032 |
Banggachang Lake (Cluster of 108 Sacred Tarns) Field Guide Available |
Arunachal Pradesh Tawang |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Alpine Tarn |
4,300 m (14,108 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 0.3 sq km | Snow partridge, Himalayan monal, Tibetan wolf... |
LK-033 |
Mehao Lake (Jewel of Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary) Field Guide Available |
Arunachal Pradesh Lower Dibang Valley |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Pristine Rainforest Mountain Tarn |
1,000 m (3,280 ft) | Max Depth: 9 m | Area: 0.16 sq km | Mishmi takin, Clouded leopard, Red panda in sanctuary ridges, Great hornbill, Bl... |
LK-034 |
Sonbeel Lake (Second Largest Seasonal Wetland in Asia) Field Guide Available |
Assam Karimganj |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Tectonic Floodplain Shifting Wetland |
18 m (59 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m (monsoon, completely dries to farmland in winter) | Area: 34 sq km | Abundant freshwater fish (Chital, Rohu, Boal); migratory Asian openbill, Little ... |
LK-035 |
Maguri Motapung Beel (Gateway Wetland to Dibru-Saikhowa) Field Guide Available |
Assam Tinsukia |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Riverine Floodplain Wetland & Grassland Complex |
120 m (394 ft) | Max Depth: 2.5 m | Area: 9.6 sq km | Globally renowned birding hotspot; winter haven for the critically endangered Wh... |
LK-036 |
Dighalipukhuri Lake (Historic Ahom Naval Basin of Guwahati) Field Guide Available |
Assam Kamrup Metropolitan |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Medieval Rectangular Man-Made Canal Basin |
55 m (180 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.08 sq km (length ~500 m) | Indian pond heron, Little cormorant, Pigeons, Flying foxes roosting on bank tree... |
LK-037 |
Pumlen Pat Lake (Second Largest Wetland of Manipur) Field Guide Available |
Manipur Kakching |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Freshwater Phumdi Wetland |
766 m (2,513 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 32 sq km | Proposed second home for the endangered Sangai brow-antlered deer; wintering wat... |
LK-038 |
Ward's Lake Shillong (Nan Polok, Horseshoe Lake of Shillong) Field Guide Available |
Meghalaya East Khasi Hills |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Colonial Horseshoe-Shaped Ornamental Lake |
1,496 m (4,908 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Abundant friendly freshwater carp fed by visitors from the bridge, Spot-billed d... |
LK-039 |
Shilloi Lake (Lütsam, Sacred Footprint Lake of Nagaland) Field Guide Available |
Nagaland Phek |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Highland Natural Footprint-Shaped Lake |
1,450 m (4,757 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.25 sq km (shaped naturally like a human foot) | Seasonal stopover for Siberian cranes, Blyth's tragopan (Nagaland state bird) in... |
LK-040 |
Dumboor Lake (Lake of 48 Islands, Tirthamukh Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Tripura Gomati |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Multi-Island River Confluence Reservoir |
85 m (279 ft) | Max Depth: 22 m | Area: 41 sq km (features 48 picturesque green islands) | Winter haven for thousands of migratory birds: Pintail, Common teal, Shoveler, L... |
LK-041 |
Ramgarh Crater Lake (India's Second Meteorite Impact Crater) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Baran |
Crater & Geological Anomalies Meteorite Impact Crater Basin & Geo-Heritage Site |
260 m (853 ft) floor (crater rim rises 250m above plain) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 0.8 sq km (crater diameter 3.5 km) | Peafowl, Indian gazelle (Chinkara), Leopard, Grey francolin, Marsh harrier... |
LK-042 |
Kuchaman Salt Lake (Kuchaman Saline Playa) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Didwana-Kuchaman |
Endorheic Saline & Salt Flats Inland Saline Playa Lake |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 1.0 m (seasonal) | Area: 14 sq km | Black-winged stilt, Kentish plover, Greater flamingo stopover, Desert fox... |
LK-043 |
Lunkaransar Salt Lake (Lunkaransar Desert Salt Basin) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Bikaner |
Endorheic Saline & Salt Flats Hyper-Arid Saline Desert Playa |
210 m (689 ft) | Max Depth: 0.8 m | Area: 12 sq km | Desert warbler, Cream-colored courser, Blackbuck, Chinkara on desert margins... |
LK-044 |
Bap Boulder Rann Lake (Permo-Carboniferous Glacial Deposit Lake) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Phalodi |
Crater & Geological Anomalies Geological Rann Playa with Ancient Glacial Erratics |
180 m (591 ft) | Max Depth: 1.2 m | Area: 18 sq km | Steppe eagle, Tawny eagle, Desert monitor lizard, Demoiselle cranes resting on f... |
LK-045 |
Swaroop Sagar Lake (Kumharia Talab, Connecting Canal of Udaipur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Connecting Sluice Reservoir |
588 m (1,929 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.3 sq km | Little cormorant, Spot-billed duck, Black kite, White-breasted kingfisher... |
LK-046 |
Goverdhan Sagar Lake (Southern Mirror of Udaipur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Heritage Agricultural & Rainwater Reservoir |
592 m (1,942 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.6 sq km | Pond heron, Cattle egret, Kingfishers, Barbets, Little grebe... |
LK-047 |
Foy Sagar Lake (Historic British Famine Relief Reservoir of Ajmer) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Ajmer |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 19th-Century Colonial Masonry Dam Reservoir |
500 m (1,640 ft) | Max Depth: 7.5 m | Area: 1.5 sq km | Wintering waterfowl, Little cormorant, Spot-billed duck, Purple swamphen... |
LK-048 |
Bisalpur Reservoir (Bisalpur Dam Lake, Drinking Lifeline of Jaipur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Tonk |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental River Valley Gravity Dam Mega-Reservoir |
315 m (1,033 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 40 m | Area: 212 sq km (storage capacity 1,095 million cubic meters) | Demoiselle cranes (Kurjan), Bar-headed geese, Marsh crocodiles, Large commercial... |
LK-049 |
Gap Sagar Lake (Gaibsagar Lake of Dungarpur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Dungarpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Royal Masonry Reservoir & Shrine Complex |
225 m (738 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 1.1 sq km | Great white pelican, Painted stork, Darter, Purple heron, Indian spot-billed duc... |
LK-050 |
Kishore Sagar Lake (Jagmandir Palace Lake of Kota) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Kota |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 14th-Century Historic Royal Palace Reservoir |
270 m (886 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.8 sq km | Little cormorant, Spot-billed duck, Black kite, White-breasted waterhen... |
LK-051 |
Maota Lake Amer (Amer Fort Mirror Lake, Dilaram Garden Lake) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Fort Moat & Pleasure Garden Reservoir |
430 m (1,411 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Pigeons, Peafowl on surrounding fort ramparts, Kingfishers, Pond herons... |
LK-052 |
Sagar Lake Amer (Hidden Water Cistern of Jaigarh & Amer) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 17th-Century Mountain Valley Stone Step-Reservoir |
460 m (1,509 ft) | Max Depth: 9 m | Area: 0.05 sq km (divided into Upper Sagar and Lower Sagar) | Grey langurs, Peafowl, Rock agamas, Indian roller... |
LK-053 |
Gajner Palace Lake (Imperial Sandgrouse Sanctuary of Bikaner) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Bikaner |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Royal Desert Hunting Estate Oasis |
230 m (755 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.35 sq km | World-famous stopover for Imperial sandgrouse (*Pterocles orientalis*), Demoisel... |
LK-054 |
Kolayat Lake (Kapil Sarovar) (Sacred Sarovar of Sage Kapila) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Bikaner |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Sacred Spring-Fed Desert Oasis with 52 Bathing Ghats |
215 m (705 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | Sacred freshwater carp, Pigeon flocks, Kingfishers, Peafowl... |
LK-055 |
Ranisar Lake (Twin Royal Reservoir of Mehrangarh (Ranisar)) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jodhpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 15th-Century Rock-Cut Citadel Reservoir |
260 m (853 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.04 sq km | Pigeons, Black kites soaring from fort ramparts, Kingfishers, Desert bats... |
LK-056 |
Padamsar Lake (Twin Royal Reservoir of Mehrangarh (Padamsar)) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jodhpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 16th-Century Rock-Cut Fortress Reservoir |
258 m (846 ft) | Max Depth: 7.5 m | Area: 0.035 sq km | Little grebe, Common pigeon, Rock agama, House swift... |
LK-057 |
Bheemlat Lake (Bhimlat Canyon Waterfall Lake) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Bundi |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Canyon Plunge-Pool Gorge Lake |
310 m (1,017 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Long-billed vulture nesting in canyon cliffs, Kingfishers, Leopard, Sloth bear i... |
LK-058 |
Sakhya Sagar Lake (Madhav National Park Ramsar Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Shivpuri |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Forest Dam Reservoir & Ramsar Wetland |
460 m (1,509 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 2.48 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); massive population of Marsh crocodiles (*Crocodylus palustri... |
LK-059 |
Sirpur Lake (Indore's Premier Ramsar Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Indore |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Historic Holkar Urban Wetland & Ramsar Site |
550 m (1,804 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 2.6 sq km (approx. 800 acres) | Ramsar Site; 130+ bird species: Sarus crane, Ruddy shelduck, Painted stork, Comm... |
LK-060 |
Indira Sagar Reservoir (Largest Water Storage Reservoir in India) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Khandwa |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Titanic River Valley Hydroelectric Mega-Reservoir |
262 m (860 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 92 m | Area: 913 sq km (storage capacity 12.22 billion cubic meters) | Vast commercial fishery; wintering waterfowl, River tern, Cormorants, Osprey... |
LK-061 |
Omkareshwar Reservoir (Sacred Jyotirlinga River Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Khandwa |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Run-of-the-River Hydroelectric Gravity Dam Reservoir |
196 m (643 ft) | Max Depth: 45 m | Area: 93 sq km | Mahseer, Indian pond heron, Brahminy kite, Cormorants roosting on canyon rocks... |
LK-062 |
Rewa Kund Mandu (Sacred Reservoir of Rani Roopmati) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Dhar |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 16th-Century Hilltop Royal Stepped Cistern |
630 m (2,067 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.02 sq km | Pigeons, Swifts nesting in medieval arched pavilions, Parakeets... |
LK-063 |
Kapoor Talao Mandu (Camphor Tank of Jahaz Mahal) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Dhar |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 15th-Century Historic Royal Pleasure Reservoir |
620 m (2,034 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.04 sq km | Little grebe, White-throated kingfisher, Pigeons, Flying foxes... |
LK-064 |
Suraj Kund Gwalior (Ancient Healing Tank of Gwalior Fort) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Gwalior |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 8th-Century Rock-Cut Citadel Sacred Reservoir |
300 m (984 ft) (high fortress plateau) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 0.015 sq km | Pigeons, Rose-ringed parakeets nesting in ancient fortress battlements, Red-watt... |
LK-065 |
Mannarvanur Lake (Rolling Meadows Lake of Kodaikanal) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Dindigul |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Grassland Basin Tarn |
1,980 m (6,496 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | Palani laughingthrush, White-bellied shortwing, Indian gaur (bison) grazing on h... |
LK-066 |
Vedanthangal Lake (Oldest Water Bird Sanctuary in India) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Chengalpattu |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Historic Sub-Tropical Tank Wetland & Ramsar Site |
122 m (400 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.3 sq km (sanctuary 30 ha) | Ramsar Site (2022); winter home to 40,000+ migratory birds: Spot-billed pelican,... |
LK-067 |
Pichavaram Mangrove Wetland (Second Largest Mangrove Lagoon in the World) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Cuddalore |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Estuarine Mangrove Lagoon Complex & Ramsar Site |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 2.5 m | Area: 11 sq km (network of 4,400 interconnected tidal canals) | Ramsar Site (2022); 177 bird species: Great knot, Curlew sandpiper, Painted stor... |
LK-068 |
Point Calimere Ramsar Wetland (Kodiakkarai Wetland Complex) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nagapattinam |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Coastal Lagoon, Marine Salt Swamps & Ramsar Site |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 1.5 m | Area: 385 sq km | Ramsar Site (2002); premier congregation of 100,000+ Greater flamingos; Spoon-bi... |
LK-069 |
Mattupetty Reservoir (Echo Point Lake of Munnar) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Idukki |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs High-Altitude Concrete Gravity Dam Reservoir |
1,700 m (5,577 ft) | Max Depth: 45 m | Area: 3.2 sq km | Asian elephants frequently come to drink and bathe at the water edge; Nilgiri la... |
LK-070 |
Kundala Lake (Asia's First Arch Dam Lake) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Idukki |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs High-Altitude Mountain Arch Dam Reservoir |
1,750 m (5,741 ft) | Max Depth: 35 m | Area: 1.8 sq km | Nilgiri flycatcher, Black-and-orange flycatcher, Asian elephant, Barking deer... |
LK-071 |
Idukki Arch Dam Reservoir (Periyar Valley Hydroelectric Colossus) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Idukki |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Colossal Double-Curvature Arch Dam Mega-Reservoir |
732 m (2,402 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 168 m | Area: 60 sq km (capacity 1,996 million cubic meters) | Idukki Wildlife Sanctuary surrounds the lake: Asian elephant, Tiger, Leopard, Ga... |
LK-072 |
Krishna Raja Sagara (KRS Dam) (Brindavan Gardens Reservoir, Lifeline of Cauvery) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Mandya |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Historic Surki-Mortar Gravity Dam Mega-Reservoir |
756 m (2,480 ft) | Max Depth: 38 m | Area: 129 sq km (storage capacity 1.39 billion cubic meters) | Bar-headed goose, River tern, Painted stork, Freshwater Mahseer, Otters... |
LK-073 |
Linganamakki Reservoir (Sharavathi Valley Hydroelectric Colossus) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Shivamogga |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental Multi-Purpose Masonry & Earthen Mega-Reservoir |
554 m (1,818 ft) | Max Depth: 55 m | Area: 326 sq km (length 2.4 km dam, capacity 4.37 billion cubic meters) | Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary; Great hornbill, Lion-tailed macaque in sur... |
LK-074 |
Tungabhadra Reservoir (Pampa Sagar) (Pampa Sagar, Guardian Lake of Vijayanagara) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Vijayanagara |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Colossal Multi-State Multi-Purpose Masonry Dam Reservoir |
498 m (1,634 ft) | Max Depth: 42 m | Area: 378 sq km (storage capacity 3.16 billion cubic meters) | Otter conservation reserve downstream; Spot-billed pelicans, Greater flamingos, ... |
LK-075 |
Nandur Madhmeshwar (Bharatpur of Maharashtra, Godavari Ramsar Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Nashik |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons River Confluence Wetland & Ramsar Site |
535 m (1,755 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 100 sq km (sanctuary area 10,012 ha) | Ramsar Site (2019); winter home to 50,000+ waterfowl: Spot-billed duck, Pintail,... |
LK-076 |
Thane Creek Flamingo Sanctuary (Mumbai's Mangrove Ramsar Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Thane |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Tidal Estuary Mangrove Lagoon & Ramsar Site |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 16.9 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); host to 120,000+ Lesser and Greater Flamingos feeding on blu... |
LK-077 |
Jayakwadi Reservoir (Nath Sagar) (Nath Sagar, Godavari Valley Colossus) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental Earthen Dam Mega-Reservoir & Bird Sanctuary |
463 m (1,519 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 32 m | Area: 350 sq km (dam length 10 km, storage 2.9 billion cubic meters) | Jaekwadi Bird Sanctuary; wintering haven for 200+ species: Flamingos, Demoiselle... |
LK-078 |
Koyna Reservoir (Shivajisagar Lake) (Shivajisagar, Powerhouse of Maharashtra) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Satara |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Deep Western Ghats Hydroelectric Rubble-Concrete Mega-Reservoir |
658 m (2,159 ft) | Max Depth: 100 m | Area: 115 sq km (length ~50 km, storage capacity 2.79 billion cubic meters) | Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary (UNESCO World Heritage Site buffer); Tiger, Leopard, In... |
LK-079 |
Ujjani Reservoir (Yashwant Sagar) (Bhima Dam Lake, Solapur's Flamingos Haven) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Solapur |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental Multi-Purpose Earthen-Masonry Reservoir |
497 m (1,631 ft) | Max Depth: 34 m | Area: 357 sq km (capacity 3.14 billion cubic meters) | Major winter congregation site for Greater flamingos, Painted storks, Spoonbills... |
LK-080 |
Sardar Sarovar Dam Reservoir (Narmada Mega-Dam Lake, Lifeline of Gujarat) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Narmada |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Colossal Concrete Gravity Dam Mega-Reservoir |
138.68 m (455 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 140 m | Area: 375 sq km (length 214 km stretching into MP, capacity 9.5 billion cubic meters) | Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary on southern bank; Sloth bear, Leopard, Four-ho... |
LK-081 |
Ukai Reservoir (Vallabh Sagar) (Vallabh Sagar, Tapi River Mega-Dam) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Tapi |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Earth-Cum-Masonry Multi-Purpose Reservoir |
105 m (344 ft) | Max Depth: 46 m | Area: 612 sq km (storage capacity 7.4 billion cubic meters) | Winter haven for migratory ducks, Spot-billed pelicans, Darter, Common carp, Mah... |
LK-082 |
Saputara Lake (Jewel of Gujarat's Only Hill Station) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Dang |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Highland Valley Rainwater Basin |
1,000 m (3,280 ft) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 0.12 sq km | Malabar whistling thrush, Grey junglefowl, Crimson sunbird, Common moorhen... |
LK-083 |
Nagarjuna Sagar Reservoir (World's Largest Masonry Dam Mega-Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Andhra Pradesh Palnadu |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Colossal Krishna River Stone-Masonry Mega-Reservoir |
179.8 m (590 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 125 m | Area: 285 sq km (storage capacity 11.47 billion cubic meters) | Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve buffer; Indian skimmer, River tern, Marsh ... |
LK-084 |
Srisailam Dam Reservoir (Neelam Sanjiva Reddy Sagar, Deep Krishna Gorge Lake) Field Guide Available |
Andhra Pradesh Nandyal |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Deep River Canyon Hydroelectric Mega-Reservoir |
270 m (886 ft) | Max Depth: 135 m | Area: 616 sq km (storage capacity 8.72 billion cubic meters) | Core of the **Nagarjunsagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve** (India's largest tiger res... |
LK-085 |
Kondakarla Ava Lake (Second Largest Natural Freshwater Lake in Andhra Pradesh) Field Guide Available |
Andhra Pradesh Anakapalle |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Freshwater Coastal Wetland & Bird Sanctuary |
10 m (33 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 12 sq km | Winter refuge for 100+ bird species: Pheasant-tailed jacana, Purple swamphen, Sp... |
LK-086 |
Cumbum Lake (Gundlakamma Reservoir) (Gundlakamma Cheruvu, One of Asia's Oldest Human-Made Lakes) Field Guide Available |
Andhra Pradesh Prakasam |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 15th-Century Historic Imperial Earthen Dam Reservoir |
190 m (623 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 23 sq km | Darter, Painted stork, Little cormorant, Kingfisher, Freshwater carp... |
LK-087 |
Nizam Sagar Reservoir (Manjira Valley Lifeline Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Kamareddy |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Historic 1920s Masonry Irrigation Dam Reservoir |
428 m (1,404 ft) | Max Depth: 32 m | Area: 85 sq km (dam length 3 km) | Common teal, Pintail, Spot-billed duck, White-bellied sea eagle, Common otter... |
LK-088 |
Tampara Lake (Chatrapur Freshwater Ramsar Lagoon) Field Guide Available |
Odisha Ganjam |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Coastal Freshwater Depression Wetland & Ramsar Site |
5 m (16 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 3.0 sq km (length 5.8 km) | Ramsar Site; 60+ species of birds: Common pochard, Common coot, Ferruginous duck... |
LK-089 |
Sukhna Lake Chandigarh (Le Corbusier's Shivalik Foothill Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Chandigarh Chandigarh |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Rain-Fed Earthen Embankment Reservoir & Urban Wetland |
360 m (1,181 ft) | Max Depth: 4.8 m | Area: 3.0 sq km | Winter haven for Siberian ducks, Brahminy duck, Bar-headed goose, Great crested ... |
LK-090 |
Ghora Katora Lake Rajgir (Horse-Bowl Sacred Eco-Reserve of Bihar) Field Guide Available |
Bihar Nalanda |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Highland Valley Natural Freshwater Basin & Eco-Sanctuary |
120 m (394 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.2 sq km (shaped naturally like a horse-bowl) | Migratory waterfowl, Kingfishers, Cormorants; surrounded by the protected forest... |
LK-091 |
Upper Bhavani Reservoir (Wilderness Heart of the Nilgiris) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nilgiris |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Shola Dam Reservoir |
2,280 m (7,480 ft) | Max Depth: 65 m | Area: 7.2 sq km | Core Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve: Nilgiri tahr on surrounding rocky crags, Asian e... |
LK-092 |
Parsons Valley Reservoir (Ooty's Drinking Water Sanctuary) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nilgiris |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Pristine Shola Valley Catchment Reservoir |
2,190 m (7,185 ft) | Max Depth: 28 m | Area: 1.2 sq km | Black-and-orange flycatcher, Nilgiri wood pigeon, Indian leopard, Barking deer... |
LK-093 |
Porthi Mund Lake (Secluded Shola Tarn of the Nilgiris) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nilgiris |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Highland Shola Forest Reservoir |
2,220 m (7,283 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 0.6 sq km | Nilgiri laughingthrush, Nilgiri marten, Sambar deer grazing along shoreline gras... |
LK-094 |
Glenmorgan Reservoir (Tea Estate Funicular Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nilgiris |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Mountain Hydroelectric Forebay Reservoir |
2,130 m (6,988 ft) | Max Depth: 16 m | Area: 0.4 sq km | Malabar whistling thrush, Nilgiri flycatcher, Indian gaur, Common otter... |
LK-095 |
Sulur Lake (Historic Chola Irrigation Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Coimbatore |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 9th-Century Chola Rainwater Tank |
340 m (1,115 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.8 sq km | Spot-billed pelican, Painted stork, Little grebe, Eurasian coot, Asian openbill... |
LK-096 |
Kurichi Lake (Restored Eco-Park Lake of Coimbatore) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Coimbatore |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Cascading Urban Rainwater Tank & Eco-Park |
410 m (1,345 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 1.35 sq km (approx. 334 acres) | Purple moorhen, Common kingfisher, Darter, Black-winged stilt, Little cormorant... |
LK-097 |
Vellode Bird Sanctuary Lake (Periyakulam Tank of Erode & Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Erode |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Irrigation Tank Wetland & Ramsar Site |
225 m (738 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 0.77 sq km (77.2 ha) | Ramsar Site; winter haven for Northern pintail, Garganey, Teals, Spot-billed pel... |
LK-098 |
Karikili Bird Sanctuary Lake (Twin Wetland of Vedanthangal) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Chengalpattu |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Irrigation Rainwater Tanks & Ramsar Site |
115 m (377 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 0.61 sq km (twin tanks) | Ramsar Site (2022); breeding ground for Pintail, Garganey, Grey pelican, Openbil... |
LK-099 |
Kazhuveli Lake & Bird Sanctuary (Second Largest Brackish Lagoon in South India) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Villupuram |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Coastal Brackish Wetland & Ramsar Site |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 2 m | Area: 70 sq km (sanctuary 51.5 sq km) | Ramsar Site (2024); critical Central Asian Flyway bottleneck: 40,000+ waterbirds... |
LK-100 |
Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary Lake (Community Bird Sanctuary of Tirunelveli) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Tirunelveli |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Irrigation Rainwater Tank & Ramsar Wetland |
50 m (164 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 1.29 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); massive breeding colonies of Painted storks, Spot-billed pel... |
LK-101 |
Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary Lake (Chitrangudi Kanmoi Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Ramanathapuram |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Traditional Irrigation Tank Wetland (Kanmoi) |
25 m (82 ft) | Max Depth: 2.5 m | Area: 0.48 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); breeding refuge for Spot-billed pelican, Painted stork, Open... |
LK-102 |
Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary Lake (Kanjirankulam Kanmoi Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Ramanathapuram |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Irrigation Tank & Protected Wetland |
26 m (85 ft) | Max Depth: 2.5 m | Area: 1.04 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); Painted stork, Oriental darter, White ibis, Night heron, Eur... |
LK-103 |
Vaduvur Bird Sanctuary Lake (Vaduvur Lake Ramsar Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Tiruvarur |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Irrigation Tank & Wetland Sanctuary |
30 m (98 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 1.28 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); 100+ species: Eurasian wigeon, Northern pintail, Garganey, O... |
LK-104 |
Suchindram Theroor Wetland Complex (Southern Tip Ramsar Wetland Complex) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Kanyakumari |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Man-Made Interconnected Freshwater Tank Complex |
19 m (62 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 0.94 sq km | Ramsar Site (2022); Spot-billed pelican, Painted stork, Glossy ibis, Whistling d... |
LK-105 |
Vembanur Wetland Reserve (Vembannur Kanmoi Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Kanyakumari |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Freshwater Irrigation Tank & Ramsar Wetland |
22 m (72 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 0.2 sq km (19.7 ha) | Ramsar Site (2022); Garganey, Grey pelican, Oriental darter, Little grebe, Commo... |
LK-106 |
Poondi Reservoir (Sathyamurthy Sagar) (Sathyamurthy Sagar, Chennai's Lifeline) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Tiruvallur |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Masonry Dam Water Supply Mega-Reservoir |
42 m (138 ft) | Max Depth: 10.5 m | Area: 34 sq km (storage capacity 3.23 TMC) | Little cormorant, Darter, Spot-billed duck, River tern, Painted stork... |
LK-107 |
Sholavaram Lake (British Cantonment Water Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Tiruvallur |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs 19th-Century Rainwater Harvesting Embankment Reservoir |
19 m (62 ft) | Max Depth: 5.5 m | Area: 12 sq km | Black-winged stilt, Little egret, Glossy ibis, Spot-billed duck... |
LK-108 |
Periyar Lake Thekkady (Submerged Forest of Periyar Tiger Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Idukki |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Historic Rainforest Reservoir & Tiger Sanctuary |
850 m (2,789 ft) | Max Depth: 46 m | Area: 26 sq km | Periyar Tiger Reserve: Asian elephant herds swimming across water, Royal Bengal ... |
LK-109 |
Malampuzha Dam Reservoir (Vrindavan of Kerala Lake) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Palakkad |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Masonry Gravity Dam Irrigation & Water Reservoir |
115 m (377 ft) | Max Depth: 32 m | Area: 23 sq km | Kingfishers, Cormorants, Freshwater carp; flanked by landscaped gardens and the ... |
LK-110 |
Parambikulam Reservoir (Parambikulam Tiger Reserve Lake) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Palakkad |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Dense Forest Dam Reservoir & Tiger Reserve |
560 m (1,837 ft) | Max Depth: 72 m | Area: 21 sq km | Core Parambikulam Tiger Reserve: Asian elephant, Tiger, Lion-tailed macaque, Ind... |
LK-111 |
Bhoothathankettu Dam Reservoir (Mythical Monster Dam Lake of Periyar) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Ernakulam |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns River Barrage & Natural Rock Barrier Lake |
45 m (148 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 10 sq km | Thattekad Bird Sanctuary buffer: Ceylon frogmouth, Malabar trogon, Oriental dart... |
LK-112 |
Vellayani Freshwater Lake (Largest Freshwater Lake in Thiruvananthapuram) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Thiruvananthapuram |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Natural Freshwater Rainwater Basin |
12 m (39 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 7.5 sq km | Little grebe, White-breasted waterhen, Purple moorhen, Bronze-winged jacana, Dar... |
LK-113 |
Kayamkulam Kayal (Historic Naval Lagoon of Kayamkulam) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Alappuzha |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Brackish Coastal Lagoon & Backwater |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 16.5 sq km | Western reef egret, Caspian tern, Greater crested tern, Mudskippers, Pearl spot ... |
LK-114 |
Puttenahalli Lake (JP Nagar) (Citizen-Restored Urban Bird Haven) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Community-Restored Rainwater Tank |
910 m (2,985 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 0.05 sq km (approx. 13 acres) | 120+ bird species: Spot-billed pelican, Purple heron, Garganey, Common kingfishe... |
LK-115 |
Nagavara Lake (Lumbini Gardens) (Hebbal Cascade Basin) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Urban Cascade Lake & Waterfront Park |
885 m (2,903 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.44 sq km | Black kite, Spot-billed duck, Little cormorant, Pond heron... |
LK-116 |
Ranganathittu Riverine Pools (Pakshi Kashi of Karnataka & Ramsar Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Mandya |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Riverine Islet Archipelago & Ramsar Wetland |
700 m (2,296 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.67 sq km (six riverine islets on Cauvery River) | Ramsar Site (2022); breeding haven for 30,000+ birds: Painted stork, Asian openb... |
LK-117 |
Bhadra Dam Reservoir (Lakkavalli) (Bhadra Valley Tiger Sanctuary Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Chikkamagaluru |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Composite Masonry-Earthen Dam Mega-Reservoir |
600 m (1,969 ft) | Max Depth: 59 m | Area: 112 sq km (storage capacity 2.02 billion cubic meters) | Surrounded by Bhadra Tiger Reserve: Royal Bengal tiger, Leopard, Asian elephant,... |
LK-118 |
Supa Dam Reservoir (Kali River) (Kali Valley Hydroelectric Titan) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Uttara Kannada |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Concrete Gravity Dam Mega-Reservoir |
564 m (1,850 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 101 m | Area: 106 sq km (dam height 101 m, capacity 4.18 billion cubic meters) | Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary buffer: Black panther, Tiger, Hornbills, River otters... |
LK-119 |
Almatti Reservoir (Lal Bahadur Shastri Sagar) (Upper Krishna Project Colossus) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Vijayapura |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental Multi-Purpose River Valley Reservoir |
519.6 m (1,705 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 45 m | Area: 490 sq km (storage capacity 3.48 billion cubic meters) | Demoiselle cranes, Painted storks, Spot-billed pelicans, Cormorants, Great crest... |
LK-120 |
Hirekolale Lake (Mullayanagiri's Mirror Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Chikkamagaluru |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Coffee Hill Water Reservoir |
1,050 m (3,445 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.3 sq km | White-bellied treepie, Malabar barbet, Kingfishers, Pond herons, Flying foxes... |
LK-121 |
Haiderpur Wetland (Ganga River Basin Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Bijnor |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Human-Made Riverine Wetland & Ramsar Site |
235 m (771 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 69.08 sq km | Ramsar Site (2021); habitat for vulnerable Swamp deer (*Rucervus duvaucelii*), G... |
LK-122 |
Bakhira Bird Sanctuary (Largest Natural Floodplain Wetland in Eastern UP) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Sant Kabir Nagar |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Natural Freshwater Floodplain Lake & Ramsar Site |
85 m (279 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 29 sq km | Ramsar Site (2021); winter sanctuary for 40,000+ birds: Grey pelican, Painted st... |
LK-123 |
Sandi Bird Sanctuary Lake (Dahar Jheel Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Hardoi |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Natural Freshwater Oxbow Lake & Ramsar Site |
135 m (443 ft) | Max Depth: 2.5 m | Area: 3.08 sq km | Ramsar Site (2019); Sarus crane breeding haven; winter home for Brahminy duck, P... |
LK-124 |
Sarsai Nawar Jheel (Sarus Crane Sanctuary of Etawah & Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Etawah |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Permanent Marshland Wetland & Ramsar Site |
140 m (459 ft) | Max Depth: 2 m | Area: 1.61 sq km | Ramsar Site (2019); flagship sanctuary for the threatened **Sarus Crane (*Antigo... |
LK-125 |
Parvati Arga Wetland (Twin Oxbow Lakes of Gonda & Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Gonda |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Twin Oxbow Lakes & Ramsar Site |
98 m (321 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 7.22 sq km (twin oxbow basins: Parvati and Arga) | Ramsar Site (2019); winter refuge for 100,000+ waterbirds: Critical sanctuary fo... |
LK-126 |
Matsyagandha Lake Saharsa (Rakta Kali Sacred Lake of Mithila) Field Guide Available |
Bihar Saharsa |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Floodplain Restored Waterbody |
45 m (148 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.35 sq km | Indian pond heron, Little cormorant, Kingfishers, Freshwater carp... |
LK-127 |
Ansupa Lake (Largest Freshwater Horseshoe Lake in Odisha & Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Odisha Cuttack |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Freshwater Oxbow Lake & Ramsar Wetland |
35 m (115 ft) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 1.5 sq km (length 3 km, horseshoe-shaped) | Ramsar Site (2021); 32 species of fish, 26 species of waterbirds: Spot-billed pe... |
LK-128 |
Malwatal Lake (Secluded Valley Lake of Kumaon) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Deep Mountain Valley Tectonic Lake |
1,050 m (3,445 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 0.25 sq km | Himalayan trout, Mahseer, Great barbet, Blue-throated barbet, Barking deer... |
LK-129 |
Sariyatal Lake (Sariya Tal Jade Lake) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Small Glacial Spring Mountain Tarn |
1,850 m (6,069 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.02 sq km | Himalayan whistling thrush, Red-billed blue magpie, Pika, Butterflies... |
LK-130 |
Sukhatal Recharge Lake (Subterranean Aquifer of Nainital) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Karst Seasonal Recharge Lake & Geohydrological Siphon |
1,950 m (6,398 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m (monsoon) | Area: 0.1 sq km | Wintering thrushes, Blackbirds, Treecreepers in surrounding deodar forests... |
LK-131 |
Maneri Dam Lake (Bhagirathi Gorge Hydroelectric Lake) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Uttarkashi |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Run-of-the-River Concrete Dam Mountain Reservoir |
1,290 m (4,232 ft) | Max Depth: 39 m | Area: 0.8 sq km | Snow trout (*Schizothorax*), Plumbeous water redstart, River tern, Himalayan gri... |
LK-132 |
Dashair Lake (Sarkund Lake, Medicinal Waters of Rohtang) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Kullu |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Periglacial Mountain Tarn |
4,270 m (14,009 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.04 sq km | Alpine chough, Snow pigeon, Himalayan marmot, High alpine wildflowers... |
LK-133 |
Madar Lake (Bada Madar & Chhota Madar of Udaipur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 17th-Century Aravali Rainwater Harvesting Reservoir |
620 m (2,034 ft) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 1.8 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Painted stork, Black-winged stilt, Grey heron, Common coot... |
LK-134 |
Chandlai Lake (Flamingo Haven of Jaipur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jaipur |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Sub-Tropical Rain-Fed Inland Wetland |
330 m (1,083 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 2.5 sq km | Host to 10,000+ wintering birds: Greater flamingos, Ruddy shelduck, Pied avocet,... |
LK-135 |
Bandh Baretha Lake (Wildlife Reservoir of Bharatpur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Bharatpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic British-Era Masonry Dam Wildlife Reservoir |
190 m (623 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 18 sq km | 200+ bird species: Black bittern, Indian skimmer, Painted stork, Marsh crocodile... |
LK-136 |
Moti Jheel Bharatpur (Lifeline of the Jat Fortresses) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Bharatpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 18th-Century Strategic Fortress Moat Feeder Reservoir |
180 m (591 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 1.2 sq km | Common teal, Spot-billed duck, Purple moorhen, Pond heron, Kingfishers... |
LK-137 |
Amar Sagar Lake (Royal Jain Oasis of the Thar) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jaisalmer |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 17th-Century Stepped Oasis Reservoir & Jain Palace Complex |
220 m (722 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | Pigeons, Peafowl, Desert wheatear, Green bee-eater, Flying fox... |
LK-138 |
Bansagar Reservoir (Son River Multi-State Colossus) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Shahdol |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental Multi-Purpose River Valley Reservoir |
341.6 m (1,121 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 60 m | Area: 587 sq km (storage capacity 5.41 billion cubic meters) | Son Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary downstream; Indian skimmer, Marsh crocodile, Bar-... |
LK-139 |
Tigra Dam Reservoir (Gwalior's Lifeline Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Gwalior |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Historic Masonry Gravity Dam Reservoir |
225 m (738 ft) | Max Depth: 24 m | Area: 20 sq km | Little cormorant, Spot-billed duck, River tern, Marsh crocodile, Freshwater turt... |
LK-140 |
Gangapur Dam Reservoir (Nashik) (Godavari River First Earthen Dam) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Nashik |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Historic Earthen Dam Reservoir & Winery Waterfront |
610 m (2,001 ft) | Max Depth: 36 m | Area: 24 sq km | Great crested grebe, Brahminy duck, Spot-billed pelican, Cormorant, Painted stor... |
LK-141 |
Futala Lake Nagpur (200-Year-Old Royal Lake of the Bhonsles) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Nagpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 18th-Century Urban Embankment Reservoir |
315 m (1,033 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 0.25 sq km (approx. 60 acres) | Little egret, Indian pond heron, Black kite, Common myna, Little grebe... |
LK-142 |
Ambazari Lake Nagpur (Birthplace of the Nag River) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Nagpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Earthen Reservoir & Source of River |
320 m (1,050 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 1.5 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Purple heron, Kingfishers, Parakeets in surrounding 44... |
LK-143 |
Singur Dam Reservoir (Manjira River Drinking Lifeline) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Sangareddy |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Composite Gravity Dam Mega-Reservoir |
523 m (1,716 ft) | Max Depth: 30 m | Area: 172 sq km (storage capacity 29.9 TMC) | Thriving natural habitat for **Marsh crocodiles (*Crocodylus palustris*)**; 100+... |
LK-144 |
Pocharam Lake & Wildlife Sanctuary (Nizam's Wildlife Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Medak |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 1920s Masonry Barrage Reservoir |
505 m (1,657 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 16 sq km | Bar-headed goose, Painted stork, Openbill stork, Leopard, Sloth bear, Chinkara, ... |
LK-145 |
Topchanchi Lake (Parasnath Hills Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Jharkhand Dhanbad |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Scenic Hill Valley Water Supply Reservoir |
300 m (984 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 1.5 sq km | Wintering waterfowl, Kingfishers, Cormorants, Barking deer, Leopard roaming sanc... |
LK-146 |
Maithon Dam Reservoir (Lake of the Mother, Barakar River Colossus) Field Guide Available |
Jharkhand Dhanbad |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Multi-Purpose River Valley Flood-Control Reservoir |
150 m (492 ft) | Max Depth: 50 m | Area: 65 sq km (storage capacity 1.35 billion cubic meters) | Cormorants, Gulls, Egrets, Freshwater carp, Catla, Mahseer... |
LK-147 |
Panchet Dam Reservoir (Damodar Valley Colossus) Field Guide Available |
Jharkhand Dhanbad |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Composite Dam Flood-Control Mega-Reservoir |
135 m (443 ft) | Max Depth: 45 m | Area: 153 sq km | Winter haven for migratory geese, ducks, Snipes, Lapwings, Cormorants... |
LK-148 |
Mukutmanipur Reservoir (Kangsabati Dam) (Queen of Bankura, Second Longest Earthen Dam in India) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Bankura |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Colossal River Confluence Earthen Dam Reservoir |
135 m (443 ft) | Max Depth: 38 m | Area: 86 sq km (dam length 11.27 km) | Bonelli's eagle, Painted stork, Cotton pygmy goose, Openbill stork; Bonpukuria D... |
LK-149 |
Senchal Lake Darjeeling (High-Altitude Twin Reservoirs of Tiger Hill) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Darjeeling |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Mountain Forest Twin Reservoirs |
2,484 m (8,150 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.08 sq km (twin North and South reservoirs) | Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary: Barking deer, Himalayan black bear, Leopard cat, Sat... |
LK-150 |
Kirat Sagar (Chandela Reservoir) (Historic 11th-Century Bundelkhand Lake) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Mahoba |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 11th-Century Monumental Chandela Embankment Reservoir |
210 m (689 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.6 sq km (circumference approx. 2.5 km) | Little grebe, Indian pond heron, Kingfishers, Freshwater carp... |
LK-151 |
Madan Sagar (Kakramath Lake) (Chandela Temple Lake of Mahoba) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Mahoba |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 12th-Century Stepped Masonry Reservoir |
212 m (695 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.8 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Purple moorhen, White-breasted kingfisher... |
LK-152 |
Vijay Sagar Bird Sanctuary Lake (Vijayanagar Lake of Mahoba) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Mahoba |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 11th-Century Bundelkhand Reservoir & Bird Sanctuary |
205 m (673 ft) | Max Depth: 5.5 m | Area: 2.6 sq km | Vijay Sagar Bird Sanctuary: winter home to thousands of migratory ducks, Greylag... |
LK-153 |
Chittora Jheel (Raja Suheldev) (Ashtwarka Jheel, Battlefield Lake of Suheldev) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Bahraich |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Natural Freshwater S-Shaped Oxbow Lake |
125 m (410 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 1.8 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Common teal, Little cormorant, Kingfisher, Asian openbill... |
LK-154 |
Blue Bird Lake Hisar (Hisar's Urban Oasis Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Haryana Hisar |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Engineered Freshwater Urban Wetland & Park |
215 m (705 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 0.2 sq km (approx. 52 acres) | Winter haven for migratory ducks: Northern shoveler, Common pochard, Spot-billed... |
LK-155 |
Naya Nangal Wetland Lake (Nangal Wetland Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Punjab Rupnagar |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons River Barrage Wetland & Ramsar Site |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 7.0 sq km | Ramsar Site (2019); winter home to 20,000+ waterfowl: Threatened Leopard, Indian... |
LK-156 |
Baraila Lake (Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary) (Salim Ali Jubba Sahni Bird Sanctuary) Field Guide Available |
Bihar Vaishali |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Natural Oxbow Floodplain Wetland |
52 m (171 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 19.8 sq km | Premier bird sanctuary of North Bihar; 100+ species: Greater spotted eagle, Ferr... |
LK-157 |
Saul Kere Lake (Bellandur Ward Community Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Restored Urban Catchment Lake |
895 m (2,936 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.25 sq km (approx. 62 acres) | Spot-billed pelican, Purple moorhen, Eurasian coot, Little grebe, Common kingfis... |
LK-158 |
Kasavanahalli Lake (Sarjapur Valley Biodiversity Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Cascading Rainwater Wetland |
898 m (2,946 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 0.35 sq km | Black-crowned night heron, Glossy ibis, Painted stork, Darter, Black kite... |
LK-159 |
Thippagondanahalli Reservoir (T.G. Halli) (Chamaraja Sagar, Arkavathi River Dam) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Rural |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Composite Masonry-Earthen Drinking Supply Dam |
770 m (2,526 ft) | Max Depth: 25 m | Area: 14.5 sq km (storage capacity 3.3 TMC) | Cormorants, Darter, Painted stork, Freshwater carp, Catla, Mahseer... |
LK-160 |
Manchanabele Dam Reservoir (Arkavathi Gorge Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Ramanagara |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Earthen-Masonry Gorge Dam Reservoir |
710 m (2,329 ft) | Max Depth: 30 m | Area: 5.5 sq km | Indian roller, Kingfisher, Asian openbill, Marsh crocodile, Leopard in surroundi... |
LK-161 |
Gajanur Dam Lake (Tunga Dam) (Tunga River Anicut Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Shivamogga |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs River Anicut & Irrigation Dam Lake |
580 m (1,903 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 12 sq km | River tern, Kingfishers, Cormorants; adjacent to Sakrebyle Elephant Camp on shor... |
LK-162 |
Narayanpur Reservoir (Basava Sagar) (Basava Sagar Dam Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Yadgir |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Composite Masonry Dam Multi-Purpose Reservoir |
492 m (1,614 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 32 m | Area: 132 sq km (dam length 10.6 km, storage 1.07 billion cubic meters) | Spot-billed pelican, Bar-headed goose, Painted stork, Darter, Black-winged stilt... |
LK-163 |
Hidkal Dam Reservoir (Raja Lakhamagouda) (Ghataprabha Valley Mega-Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Belagavi |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Composite Earthen & Masonry Dam Reservoir |
662 m (2,172 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 52 m | Area: 63 sq km (storage capacity 1.44 billion cubic meters) | Host to 10,000+ wintering migratory birds: Bar-headed goose, Demoiselle crane, P... |
LK-164 |
Malaprabha Reservoir (Renuka Sagar) (Renuka Sagar, Navilatirtha Gorge Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Belagavi |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Masonry Dam River Gorge Reservoir |
633 m (2,077 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 43 m | Area: 54 sq km (storage capacity 1.07 billion cubic meters) | Peafowl, Indian roller, Spot-billed duck, Cormorants, Freshwater carp... |
LK-165 |
Harangi Dam Reservoir (Cauvery Tributary Lake of Coorg) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Kodagu |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Composite Masonry Gravity Dam Reservoir |
870 m (2,854 ft) | Max Depth: 47 m | Area: 18 sq km | White-bellied treepie, Malabar grey hornbill, Asian openbill, Little cormorant... |
LK-166 |
Chiklihole Dam Reservoir (Horseshoe Spillway Lake of Coorg) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Kodagu |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Semi-Circular Horseshoe Dam Reservoir |
910 m (2,985 ft) | Max Depth: 16 m | Area: 1.2 sq km | Emerald dove, Nilgiri wood pigeon, Kingfishers, Sambar deer roaming forested ban... |
LK-167 |
Anayirangal Dam Reservoir (Elephant Corridor Lake of Munnar) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Idukki |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Earthen Dam Reservoir |
1,600 m (5,249 ft) | Max Depth: 34 m | Area: 4.3 sq km | Crucial corridor where herds of wild **Asian elephants (*Elephas maximus*)** com... |
LK-168 |
Devikulam Sita Devi Lake (Pond of the Goddess, Mineral Trout Lake) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Idukki |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Mineral Forest Tarn |
1,800 m (5,905 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Introduced Rainbow trout, Nilgiri pipit, Black-and-orange flycatcher, Asian elep... |
LK-169 |
Kulamavu Dam Reservoir (Rubble Masonry Saddle Dam of Idukki) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Idukki |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs High-Altitude Rubble Masonry Saddle Dam Reservoir |
730 m (2,395 ft) | Max Depth: 100 m | Area: 15 sq km | Core Idukki Wildlife Sanctuary: Asian elephant, Leopard, Gaur, King cobra, Malab... |
LK-170 |
Siruvani Reservoir (Sweetest Water Lake in the World) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Palakkad |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Masonry Gravity Dam Forest Reservoir |
870 m (2,854 ft) | Max Depth: 50 m | Area: 8.5 sq km | Silent Valley buffer: Lion-tailed macaque, Asian elephant, Leopard, Nilgiri lang... |
LK-171 |
Kavvayi Backwaters Lake (Largest Wetland in North Kerala) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Kannur |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Coastal Estuarine Lagoon & Mangrove Wetland |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 37 sq km (stretches 21 km from Payyanur to Nileshwaram) | White-bellied sea eagle, Osprey, Lesser sand plover, Terns, Crabs, Mudskippers... |
LK-172 |
Glow Lake (Kamlang) (Wilderness Alpine Lake of Kamlang) Field Guide Available |
Arunachal Pradesh Lohit |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Highland Natural Glacial Valley Lake |
1,524 m (5,000 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 8.0 sq km (circumference approx. 4.5 km) | Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary: Hoolock gibbon, Tiger, Clouded leopard, White-winged... |
LK-173 |
Thadlaskein Lake (Lake of Bow-Ends, Sajar Nangli's Heritage Lake) Field Guide Available |
Meghalaya West Jaintia Hills |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Medieval Hand-Dug Highland Reservoir |
1,350 m (4,429 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Little grebe, Common kingfisher, Highland pipits, Pine martens in surrounding fo... |
LK-174 |
Rih Dil Lake (Heart-Shaped Passage of Souls) Field Guide Available |
Mizoram Champhai |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Natural Heart-Shaped Highland Lake |
800 m (2,625 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 0.3 sq km (length 1.6 km, width 0.8 km, shaped like a heart) | Migratory wild ducks, Kingfishers, Barbets, Sambar deer roaming forested borders... |
LK-175 |
Dzudu Lake (Zanibu) (Sacred Mountain Lake of Mount Zanibu) Field Guide Available |
Nagaland Phek |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Sacred Ridge Tarn |
2,400 m (7,874 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Blyth's tragopan, Kalij pheasant, Mountain bamboo partridge, Barking deer... |
LK-176 |
Kalyan Sagar (Sacred Lake of the Bostami Tortoises) Field Guide Available |
Tripura Gomati |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 16th-Century Historic Temple Step-Reservoir |
35 m (115 ft) | Max Depth: 9 m | Area: 0.03 sq km (approx. 5 acres) | Flagship global sanctuary for the critically endangered **Black softshell turtle... |
LK-177 |
Dhom Dam Reservoir (Krishna Valley Bollywood Lake) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Satara |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Earth-Cum-Gravity Dam River Reservoir |
740 m (2,428 ft) | Max Depth: 50 m | Area: 25 sq km | Little cormorant, Kingfisher, Spot-billed duck, River tern, Mahseer fish... |
LK-178 |
Kanher Dam Reservoir (Venna Valley Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Satara |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Earthen Dam Irrigation Reservoir |
690 m (2,264 ft) | Max Depth: 48 m | Area: 19 sq km | Cormorants, Egrets, Spot-billed duck, Darter, Common carp... |
LK-179 |
Radhanagari Reservoir (Laxmi Talao) (Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj's Century Dam) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Kolhapur |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Historic 1907 Gravity Dam Reservoir |
570 m (1,870 ft) | Max Depth: 42 m | Area: 18 sq km | Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary: Indian bison (Gaur) sanctuary, Leopard, Sambar, ... |
LK-180 |
Khindsi Lake Ramtek (Central India's Largest Inland Water Sports Park) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Nagpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Forest Valley Rainwater Reservoir |
310 m (1,017 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 6.5 sq km | Little cormorant, Kingfisher, Spot-billed duck, Darter, Peafowl... |
LK-181 |
Gopi Talav Surat (Historic 1510 CE Step-Lake of Malik Gopi) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Surat |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 16th-Century Monumental Step-Reservoir |
13 m (43 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.12 sq km | Pigeons, Parakeets, Little egrets, Common kingfishers... |
LK-182 |
Dharoi Dam Reservoir (Sabarmati River) (Sabarmati Valley Mega-Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Mehsana |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Composite Gravity Dam Mega-Reservoir |
189 m (620 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 45 m | Area: 107 sq km (storage capacity 908 million cubic meters) | Winter haven for Demoiselle cranes, Bar-headed geese, Painted storks, Spoonbills... |
LK-183 |
Pangong Tso (Pangong Lake, Hollow Lake) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Endorheic High-Altitude Saline Lake |
4,225 m (13,862 ft) | Max Depth: 100 m | Area: 604 sq km (134 km long, ~40% in India) | Bar-headed goose, Brahminy duck (Ruddy shelduck), Brown-headed gull, Black-necke... |
LK-184 |
Tso Moriri (Mountain Lake, Lake Moriri) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Alpine Wetland & Ramsar Site |
4,522 m (14,836 ft) | Max Depth: 105 m | Area: 120 sq km (approx. 29 km long, up to 8 km wide) | Key breeding ground for the endangered Black-necked crane (*Grus nigricollis*), ... |
LK-185 |
Tso Kar (White Lake, Salt Lake of Rupshu) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
Endorheic Saline & Salt Flats Fluctuating Hypersaline Playa & Ramsar Wetland Complex |
4,530 m (14,862 ft) | Max Depth: 2–5 m | Area: 22 sq km (varies seasonally) | India's 42nd Ramsar site; globally vital nesting habitat for Bar-headed goose, G... |
LK-186 |
Yarab Tso (Sacred Hidden Lake of Nubra) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Periglacial Tectonic Depression Tarn |
3,250 m (10,663 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Water pipit, Brown dipper, White-winged redstart, Himalayan chough... |
LK-187 |
Kiagar Tso (Kyagar Tso) Field Guide Available |
Ladakh Leh |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Brackish Plateau Tarn |
4,670 m (15,322 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 2.5 sq km | Kiang (Tibetan wild ass), Himalayan marmot, Bar-headed goose, Urial... |
LK-188 |
Dal Lake (Jewel in the Crown of Kashmir, Srinagar's Jewel) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Srinagar |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Post-Glacial Tectonic Urban Floodplain Wetland |
1,583 m (5,194 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 18–22 sq km (divided into 4 basins: Gagribal, Lokut Dal, Bod Dal, Nigeen) | Common kingfisher, Little bittern, Pheasant-tailed jacana, Eurasian coot, Mallar... |
LK-189 |
Nigeen Lake (Nagin Lake, Jewel in the Ring) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Srinagar |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Deep Freshwater Urban Basin & Dal Lake Outlier |
1,582 m (5,190 ft) | Max Depth: 6.5 m | Area: 4.5 sq km | Great crested grebe, Tufted duck, Common moorhen, Kingfishers nesting in weeping... |
LK-190 |
Wular Lake (Mahapadmasar, Largest Freshwater Lake in India) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Bandipora |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Tectonic Basin Wetland & Ramsar Site |
1,580 m (5,184 ft) | Max Depth: 5.8 m | Area: 30 to 189 sq km (expands dramatically during monsoon floods) | Ramsar Wetland of International Importance; vital wintering grounds for 100,000+... |
LK-191 |
Manasbal Lake (Lake of Supreme Serenity) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Ganderbal |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Tectonic Valley Freshwater Lake (Deepest in Kashmir) |
1,583 m (5,194 ft) | Max Depth: 13 m (43 ft) | Area: 2.81 sq km | Indian pond heron, Eurasian wigeon, Gadwall, Garganey; extensive lotus (*Nelumbo... |
LK-192 |
Gangabal Lake (Harmukh Ganga, Uttar Ganga) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Ganderbal |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Alpine Tarn |
3,570 m (11,712 ft) | Max Depth: 80 m | Area: 1.5 sq km (length 2.5 km) | Renowned for Brown trout (*Salmo trutta fario*) and Rainbow trout introduced by ... |
LK-193 |
Nundkol Lake (Nandi Kund, Mount Harmukh Tarn) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Ganderbal |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Cirque Tarn |
3,505 m (11,499 ft) | Max Depth: 25 m | Area: 0.8 sq km | Brown trout, Dippers, Alpine choughs, Marmots, Red fox... |
LK-194 |
Gadsar Lake (Lake of Flowers, Yemsar Lake) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Ganderbal |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Alpine Lake |
3,658 m (12,001 ft) | Max Depth: 20 m | Area: 0.6 sq km | Endemic Schizothorax trout; shoreline carpeted in wild alpine anemones, blue pop... |
LK-195 |
Vishansar Lake (Lake of Vishnu) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Ganderbal |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Valley Alpine Tarn |
3,710 m (12,172 ft) | Max Depth: 30 m | Area: 1.0 sq km (length 1 km, width 0.6 km) | Abundant Brown trout; migratory waterfowl stopovers; Himalayan golden marmots... |
LK-196 |
Kishansar Lake (Lake of Krishna) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Ganderbal |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Tarn |
3,710 m (12,172 ft) | Max Depth: 25 m | Area: 0.8 sq km | Trout angling paradise; Himalayan griffon, Alpine chough, Snow pigeon... |
LK-197 |
Tarsar Lake (Almond Lake of Kashmir) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Anantnag |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Oligotrophic Glacial Cirque Lake |
3,795 m (12,450 ft) | Max Depth: 35 m | Area: 1.2 sq km (length 2 km) | Nesting Golden eagles, Himalayan monal, Snow trout; Hangul (Kashmir stag) habita... |
LK-198 |
Marsar Lake (Twin Lake of Tarsar) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Pulwama |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Cirque Tarn |
3,800 m (12,467 ft) | Max Depth: 40 m | Area: 0.9 sq km | Bearded vulture (Lammergeier), Red-billed chough, Alpine accentor, Kashmir musk ... |
LK-199 |
Sheshnag Lake (Lake of the Cosmic Serpent) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Anantnag |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Cirque Tarn & Sacred Pilgrimage Lake |
3,590 m (11,778 ft) | Max Depth: 45 m | Area: 0.75 sq km (length 1.1 km) | Brown trout, Snow pigeon, Alpine swift, Himalayan pika... |
LK-200 |
Kausar Nag Lake (Kousarnag, Konsarnag, Vishnupad Lake) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Kulgam |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Alpine Tarn |
3,962 m (13,000 ft) | Max Depth: 50 m | Area: 1.5 sq km (length ~3 km, shaped like a foot) | Himalayan snowcock, Tibetan wolf, Snow leopard, Golden eagle... |
LK-201 |
Tulian Lake (Tulian Glacial Tarn) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Anantnag |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Tarn |
3,684 m (12,087 ft) | Max Depth: 25 m | Area: 0.35 sq km | Alpine chough, Snow pigeon, Himalayan marmot, Kashmiri red deer... |
LK-202 |
Mansar Lake (Sacred Lake of Sheshnag) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Udhampur |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Tectonic Freshwater Lake & Ramsar Site |
666 m (2,185 ft) | Max Depth: 38 m | Area: 0.59 sq km | Abundant freshwater carp (*Cyprinus carpio*), softshell turtles (*Lissemys punct... |
LK-203 |
Surinsar Lake (Twin Lake of Mansar) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Jammu |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Tectonic Depression Shivalik Freshwater Lake |
605 m (1,985 ft) | Max Depth: 24 m | Area: 0.29 sq km | Kingfishers, Blue rock pigeons, Indian flapshell turtles, Red-wattled lapwing... |
LK-204 |
Nilnag Lake (Blue Water Lake of Budgam) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Budgam |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Pine Forest Freshwater Tectonic Lake |
2,180 m (7,152 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Eurasian jay, Grey wagtail, Himalayan woodpecker, Brown trout... |
LK-205 |
Hokersar Wetland (Queen of Wetlands, Hokera Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Budgam |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Riverine Floodplain Wetland & Ramsar Site |
1,584 m (5,197 ft) | Max Depth: 2.5 m | Area: 13.75 sq km | Hosts 500,000+ migratory birds annually along Central Asian Flyway; Northern pin... |
LK-206 |
Chandertal Lake (Tso Chigma, Moon Lake) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Lahaul & Spiti |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Tarn & Ramsar Wetland |
4,250 m (13,940 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.49 sq km (circumference approx. 2.5 km) | Ramsar Site (2005); breeding ground for Ruddy shelduck (Brahminy duck), Bar-head... |
LK-207 |
Suraj Tal (Lake of the Sun God, Surya Tal) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Lahaul & Spiti |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Moraine Lake (3rd Highest in India) |
4,883 m (16,020 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 0.8 sq km | Tibetan snowcock, Alpine accentor, Himalayan snow partridge; sparse high-altitud... |
LK-208 |
Prashar Lake (Parashar Lake, Lake of Sage Prashar) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Mandi |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Alpine Meadow Lake with Floating Island |
2,730 m (8,956 ft) | Max Depth: Unknown (unfathomed, divers found 50+ m depth) | Area: 0.03 sq km | Himalayan monal, Koklass pheasant, Eurasian sparrowhawk, Leopard roaming surroun... |
LK-209 |
Rewalsar Lake (Tso Pema, Lotus Lake) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Mandi |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Sacred Mid-Altitude Natural Freshwater Basin |
1,360 m (4,462 ft) | Max Depth: 6.5 m | Area: 0.026 sq km | Abundant sacred Mahseer fish (*Tor putitora*), Common carp, Little cormorant, Wh... |
LK-210 |
Bhrigu Lake (Pool of Maharishi Bhrigu) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Kullu |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Alpine Tarn |
4,267 m (13,999 ft) | Max Depth: 14 m | Area: 0.08 sq km | Himalayan griffon, Golden eagle, Snow pigeon, Alpine chough... |
LK-211 |
Kareri Lake (Kumarwah Lake) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Kangra |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Tarn |
2,934 m (9,626 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.25 sq km | Snow trout (*Schizothorax*), Himalayan monal, Koklass pheasant, Leopard cat in s... |
LK-212 |
Manimahesh Lake (Chamba Kailash Lake, Dal Lake of Bharmour) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Chamba |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Cirque Tarn & Sacred Pilgrimage Lake |
4,080 m (13,386 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | Himalayan snowcock, Lammergeier, Tibetan wolf, Alpine chough... |
LK-213 |
Khajjiar Lake (Mini Switzerland of India Lake) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Chamba |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Saucer-Shaped Mountain Meadow Wetland |
1,920 m (6,299 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.02 sq km | Barking deer, Flying squirrel, Himalayan black bear, Yellow-throated marten in K... |
LK-214 |
Chamera Lake (Chamera Dam Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Chamba |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Deep Mountain River Gorge Hydroelectric Reservoir |
763 m (2,503 ft) | Max Depth: 80 m | Area: 9.5 sq km | Golden mahseer, Snow trout, Cormorants, Kingfishers nesting in canyon cliff wall... |
LK-215 |
Chander Naun Lake (Chanshal Pass Glacial Tarn) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Shimla |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Cirque Tarn & River Origin |
4,260 m (13,976 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.06 sq km | Himalayan monal, Snowcock, Snow leopard tracks on winter snows, Musk deer... |
LK-216 |
Serolsar Lake (Sirolsar Lake, Jalori Pass Lake) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Kullu |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Dense Oak-Forest Glacial Depression Lake |
3,100 m (10,170 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.04 sq km | Himalayan monal, Western tragopan in adjacent Great Himalayan National Park buff... |
LK-217 |
Nako Lake (Oasis Lake of Kinnaur) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Kinnaur |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Willow-Fringed Desert Tarn |
3,662 m (12,014 ft) | Max Depth: 5.5 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Tibetan snowcock, Chukar, Brahminy duck pairs in summer; freezes solid into an i... |
LK-218 |
Renuka Lake (Largest Natural Lake in Himachal Pradesh) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Sirmaur |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Sub-Tropical Tectonic Basin Freshwater Wetland & Ramsar Site |
672 m (2,205 ft) | Max Depth: 13 m | Area: 0.2 sq km (length 3.2 km, shaped like a reclining woman) | Ramsar Wetland (2005); habitat for 443 species of fauna, Golden mahseer, Chital,... |
LK-219 |
Roopkund Lake (Skeleton Lake, Mystery Lake of Garhwal) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Chamoli |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Tarn & Bioarchaeological Site |
5,029 m (16,499 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 0.015 sq km | Himalayan griffon, Lammergeier, Snow leopard roaming surrounding talus, Himalaya... |
LK-220 |
Hemkund Lake (Hemkunt Sahib Sarovar, Lokpal Lake) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Chamoli |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Lake & Sacred Sarovar |
4,329 m (14,202 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Home of the sacred Brahma Kamal (*Saussurea obvallata*); Alpine chough, Snow par... |
LK-221 |
Naini Lake (Nainital Lake, Eye Lake of Sati) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Tectonic Kidney-Shaped Sub-Tropical Mountain Lake |
1,938 m (6,358 ft) | Max Depth: 27.3 m | Area: 0.48 sq km (divided into Mallital and Tallital) | Common carp, Mahseer, Hill trout, Great crested grebe, Tufted pochard, Mallards... |
LK-222 |
Bhimtal Lake (Largest Lake in Kumaon) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Tectonic Faulted C-Shaped Mountain Lake |
1,370 m (4,495 ft) | Max Depth: 26.5 m | Area: 0.47 sq km (storage capacity 4.63 million cubic meters) | Great cormorant, Kingfishers, Brown trout, Mahseer (*Tor putitora*), Barking dee... |
LK-223 |
Naukuchiatal Lake (Lake of Nine Corners) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Deep Spring-Fed Mountain Lake (Deepest in Kumaon) |
1,220 m (4,003 ft) | Max Depth: 40.3 m (132 ft) | Area: 0.36 sq km | Rich avifauna refuge; Himalayan whistling thrush, Blue-tailed bee-eater, Paradis... |
LK-224 |
Sattal Lake (Seven Interconnected Lakes of Kumaon) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Interconnected Forest Tectonic Freshwater Lake Complex |
1,370 m (4,495 ft) | Max Depth: 20 m | Area: 0.3 sq km (complex of 7 lakes: Ram, Sita, Lakshman, Nal-Damyanti, Panna, Garud, Sukha Tal) | Global birdwatching hotspot; 500+ bird species including Great barbet, Blue-thro... |
LK-225 |
Deoria Tal (Devariyatal, Lake of the Gods) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Rudraprayag |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Rhododendron Forest Alpine Tarn |
2,438 m (7,999 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Himalayan monal, Koklass pheasant, Leopard, Himalayan black bear, Golden eagle... |
LK-226 |
Dodital Lake (Dhundital, Birthplace of Lord Ganesha) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Uttarkashi |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Freshwater Forest Mountain Tarn |
3,024 m (9,921 ft) | Max Depth: 20 m | Area: 0.08 sq km | Himalayan trout, Brown trout, Monal pheasant, Crested black tit, Barking deer... |
LK-227 |
Kedartal Lake (Shiva's Lake, Kedar Tal) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Uttarkashi |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Moraine Lake |
4,750 m (15,584 ft) | Max Depth: 16 m | Area: 0.12 sq km | Blue sheep (Bharal), Himalayan snowcock, Tibetan wolf, Snow leopard... |
LK-228 |
Vasuki Tal (Lake of Serpent King Vasuki) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Rudraprayag |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Cirque Tarn |
4,135 m (13,566 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Brahma Kamal flowers, Himalayan snowcock, Alpine accentor, Himalayan pika... |
LK-229 |
Satopanth Tal (Lake of the Divine Trinity, Satopanth Sarovar) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Chamoli |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Triangular High-Altitude Glacial Tarn |
4,600 m (15,091 ft) | Max Depth: 9 m | Area: 0.1 sq km (equilateral triangle perimeter) | Tibetan snowcock, Himalayan golden eagle, Rare high-altitude lichens and alpine ... |
LK-230 |
Gurudongmar Lake (Sacred Lake of Guru Rinpoche) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Mangan (North Sikkim) |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Lake (Among Highest in the World) |
5,430 m (17,815 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 1.18 sq km | Tibetan snowcock, Kiang (Tibetan wild ass), Blue sheep (Bharal), Tibetan gazelle... |
LK-231 |
Cho Lhamo Lake (Tso Lhamo, Highest Lake in India) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Mangan (North Sikkim) |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Proglacial Plateau Lake (Highest Lake in India) |
5,330 m (17,487 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Black-necked crane, Tibetan snowcock, Brahminy duck, Snow leopard... |
LK-232 |
Tsomgo Lake (Changu Lake, Source of the Lake) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Gangtok (East Sikkim) |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Alpine Lake |
3,753 m (12,313 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 0.24 sq km (oval shaped, length 1 km) | Red panda habitat in surrounding rhododendron forests; Brahminy duck, Tufted duc... |
LK-233 |
Khecheopalri Lake (Wishing Lake, Kha-Chot-Palri) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Gyalshing (West Sikkim) |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Sacred Mountain Valley Peatland & Wetland |
1,700 m (5,577 ft) | Max Depth: 11.2 m | Area: 0.04 sq km (shaped like a footprint) | Common teal, Little grebe, Eurasian woodcock, White-breasted waterhen; surrounde... |
LK-234 |
Samiti Lake (Goechala Glacial Tarn) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Gyalshing (West Sikkim) |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Cirque Tarn |
4,300 m (14,108 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.08 sq km | Himalayan monal, Blood pheasant (Sikkim state bird), Tibetan snowcock, Blue shee... |
LK-235 |
Green Lake Sikkim (Kanchenjunga Base Camp Tarn) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Mangan (North Sikkim) |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Proglacial Lateral Moraine Basin |
4,935 m (16,191 ft) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Snow leopard, Tibetan wolf, Bharal, Himalayan marmot, Alpine chough... |
LK-236 |
Menmecho Lake (Trout Sanctuary of East Sikkim) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Gangtok (East Sikkim) |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Pine Forest Alpine Glacial Lake |
3,800 m (12,467 ft) | Max Depth: 14 m | Area: 0.35 sq km | Brown trout, Blood pheasant, Satyr tragopan, Red panda in surrounding virgin pin... |
LK-237 |
Kupup Lake (Elephant Lake, Bitan Cho) Field Guide Available |
Sikkim Gangtok (East Sikkim) |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Plateau Lake |
3,990 m (13,091 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.5 sq km (resembles an elephant's shape with trunk) | Brahminy duck, Himalayan marmot, Tibetan snowcock; high-altitude yak grazing gro... |
LK-238 |
Sangetsar Lake (Madhuri Lake, Shonga-tser Tso) Field Guide Available |
Arunachal Pradesh Tawang |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Earthquake-Formed Forest Dammed Alpine Lake |
3,708 m (12,165 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 0.35 sq km | Black-necked crane stopover, Snow pigeon, Red-billed chough, Alpine accentor, Hi... |
LK-239 |
Sela Lake (Paradise Lake, Sela Pass Lake) Field Guide Available |
Arunachal Pradesh Tawang |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Alpine Mountain Pass Lake |
4,170 m (13,681 ft) | Max Depth: 20 m | Area: 0.4 sq km | Himalayan monal, Snow pigeon, Alpine chough; sparse alpine tundra vegetation... |
LK-240 |
P.T. Tso (Pangateng Tso) (P.T. Tso Lake) Field Guide Available |
Arunachal Pradesh Tawang |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Rhododendron Alpine Tarn |
3,910 m (12,828 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.2 sq km | Brahminy duck, Snow pigeon, Blood pheasant, Red panda habitat in nearby temperat... |
LK-241 |
Ganga Lake (Gyakar Sinyi) (Gyakar Sinyi, Confined Water Lake) Field Guide Available |
Arunachal Pradesh Papum Pare |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Sub-Tropical Rainforest Depression Lake |
300 m (984 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Great hornbill, White-winged duck, Emerald dove, Barking deer in surrounding vir... |
LK-242 |
Deepor Beel (Dipor Bil, Assam's Premier Ramsar Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Assam Kamrup Metropolitan |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Riverine Oxbow Floodplain Wetland & Ramsar Site |
53 m (174 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 40.1 sq km (wetland complex; core protected water spread 4.1 sq km) | Assam's sole Ramsar site (2002); globally significant sanctuary for the endanger... |
LK-243 |
Chandubi Lake (Earthquake Lake of Garo Foothills) Field Guide Available |
Assam Kamrup Rural |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Tectonic Earthquake-Formed Freshwater Basin |
120 m (394 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 2.5 sq km | Endangered Ganges river dolphin (*Platanista gangetica*) in downstream Kulsi, Wh... |
LK-244 |
Loktak Lake (Floating Lake of Manipur, Jewel of the Northeast) Field Guide Available |
Manipur Bishnupur |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Largest Natural Freshwater Lake in Northeast India & Ramsar Site |
768 m (2,520 ft) | Max Depth: 4.6 m | Area: 287 sq km (expands dramatically in monsoon) | Home of the **Keibul Lamjao National Park**—the world's ONLY floating national p... |
LK-245 |
Umiam Lake (Barapani, Lake of Wailing Tears) Field Guide Available |
Meghalaya Ri-Bhoi |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Highland Hydroelectric Reservoir & Multi-Purpose Lake |
980 m (3,215 ft) | Max Depth: 60 m | Area: 220 sq km (catchment area; water spread approx. 10 sq km) | Common kingfisher, Little cormorant, Large cormorant, Brahminy kite, Fishing cat... |
LK-246 |
Tam Dil (Lake of Mustard) Field Guide Available |
Mizoram Saitual |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Sub-Tropical Highland Natural Freshwater Lake |
750 m (2,461 ft) | Max Depth: 15 m | Area: 0.3 sq km | Endemic frog species (*Leptobrachium tamdil*), Sambar, Barking deer, Wild boar, ... |
LK-247 |
Palak Dil (Pala Tipo, Largest Natural Lake in Mizoram) Field Guide Available |
Mizoram Siaha |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Tectonic Depression Natural Freshwater Lake & Ramsar Site |
285 m (935 ft) | Max Depth: 16 m | Area: 1.5 sq km | India's 75th Ramsar site; winter refuge for migratory Pintail, Teal, Spot-billed... |
LK-248 |
Rudrasagar Lake (Twichilik, Neermahal Water Palace Lake) Field Guide Available |
Tripura Sipahijala |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Lowland Floodplain Wetland & Ramsar Site with Water Palace |
12 m (39 ft) | Max Depth: 9 m | Area: 2.4 sq km (historic water spread 5 sq km) | Critical winter stopover for migratory waterfowl; home to the endangered Three-s... |
LK-249 |
Lonar Lake (Lonar Crater Lake, Geo-Heritage Soda Lake) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Buldhana |
Crater & Geological Anomalies Hypervelocity Meteorite Impact Crater & Ramsar Wetland |
480 m (1,575 ft) crater floor (137m below rim) | Max Depth: 150 m | Area: 1.13 sq km (crater diameter 1.8 km, rim circumference 6 km) | Ramsar Site (2020); Indian roller, Little grebe, Shelduck, Black-winged stilt, C... |
LK-250 |
Sambhar Salt Lake (Largest Inland Salt Lake in India, Shakambhari Sarovar) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jaipur |
Endorheic Saline & Salt Flats Endorheic Saline Playa Lake & Ramsar Wetland |
360 m (1,181 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m (in monsoon, average 0.6–1 m) | Area: 190 to 230 sq km | Ramsar Wetland (1990); India's premier inland winter refuge for tens of thousand... |
LK-251 |
Pachpadra Salt Lake (Pachpadra Salt Basin) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Balotra |
Endorheic Saline & Salt Flats Hyper-Arid Saline Playa & Salt Evaporation Pan |
110 m (361 ft) | Max Depth: 1.5 m (seasonal) | Area: 80 sq km | Greater flamingo, Desert fox, Steppe eagle, Black francolin, Sandgrouse... |
LK-252 |
Didwana Salt Lake (Didwana Salt Playa, Khalda Basin) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Didwana-Kuchaman |
Endorheic Saline & Salt Flats Inland Saline Depression & Paleoclimatic Archaeological Site |
340 m (1,115 ft) | Max Depth: 1.2 m | Area: 10 sq km | Wintering waterbirds, Kentish plover, Black-tailed godwit, Cream-colored courser... |
LK-253 |
Lake Pichola (Crown Jewel of Mewar, Udaipur's Oldest Lake) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Stepped Royal Palace Reservoir & Urban Water System |
587 m (1,926 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 6.96 sq km (length 4 km, width 3 km) | Spot-billed duck, Great white pelican, Tufted duck, Purple heron, Indian cormora... |
LK-254 |
Fateh Sagar Lake (Udaipur's Second Royal Lake, Moti Magri Lake) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Engineered Pear-Shaped Royal Reservoir with Island Gardens |
589 m (1,932 ft) | Max Depth: 13.4 m | Area: 4.0 sq km | Little grebe, Common coot, White-breasted waterhen, Black-headed ibis, Grey fran... |
LK-255 |
Dhebar Lake (Jaisamand Lake) (Jaisamand Lake, Second Largest Artificial Lake in Asia) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Monumental Historic Marble Dam Reservoir & Wildlife Sanctuary |
290 m (951 ft) | Max Depth: 31 m | Area: 87 sq km (shoreline circumference approx. 48 km) | Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary surrounds the lake: Leopard, Chital, Wild boar, Nil... |
LK-256 |
Badi Lake (Jiyan Sagar) (Jiyan Sagar, Tiger Lake of Udaipur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 17th-Century Famine Relief Reservoir |
610 m (2,001 ft) | Max Depth: 18 m | Area: 1.2 sq km | Kingfishers, Cormorants, Grey heron, Sambar deer roaming adjacent Aravali wildli... |
LK-257 |
Dudh Talai Lake (Milk Pond of Udaipur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Rock-Cut Stepped Urban Water Basin |
588 m (1,929 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Pond herons, Common kingfishers, Pigeons, Flying foxes roosting in nearby banyan... |
LK-258 |
Man Sagar Lake (Jal Mahal Lake, Jaipur's Water Palace Lake) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Palace Reservoir & Restored Urban Wetland |
430 m (1,411 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 1.2 sq km (approx. 120 ha) | Premier winter stopover for Greater flamingos, Pintails, Spot-billed ducks, Grey... |
LK-259 |
Ana Sagar Lake (Historic Chauhana Reservoir of Ajmer) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Ajmer |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Monumental 12th-Century Medieval Masonry Reservoir |
480 m (1,575 ft) | Max Depth: 4.4 m | Area: 12 sq km (catchment area 13 km perimeter) | Great white pelican, Bar-headed goose, Northern shoveler, Common pochard, Little... |
LK-260 |
Pushkar Lake (Pushkar Sarovar, King of Pilgrimage Lakes (Tirtha Raj)) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Ajmer |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Sacred Natural Semi-Circular Desert Lake & Pilgrimage Sarovar |
510 m (1,673 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m (up to 10m in monsoon) | Area: 0.22 sq km | Indian flapshell turtle, Common carp, Brahminy kite, Rose-ringed parakeet, Peafo... |
LK-261 |
Nakki Lake (Mount Abu's Sacred High-Altitude Oasis) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Sirohi |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs High-Altitude Hill Station Natural Rock Basin Lake |
1,190 m (3,904 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.1 sq km (length 800 m, width 400 m) | Black bulbul, Grey junglefowl, Indian paradise flycatcher, Flying fox; Sloth bea... |
LK-262 |
Balsamand Lake (Royal Garden Lake of Jodhpur) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jodhpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 12th-Century Sandstone Royal Embankment Reservoir |
250 m (820 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 0.15 sq km (length 1 km, width 50 m) | Peafowl, Blackbuck in adjacent scrub, Grey francolin, Kingfishers, Fruit bats... |
LK-263 |
Kaylana Lake (Pratap Sagar, Jodhpur's Lifeline Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jodhpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Engineered Arid Basin Reservoir |
260 m (853 ft) | Max Depth: 10.5 m | Area: 8.4 sq km | Siberian crane during winter migration, Demoiselle cranes (Kurjan) resting en ro... |
LK-264 |
Siliserh Lake (Lake Palace of Alwar) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Alwar |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Royal Palace Reservoir on the Edge of Sariska |
280 m (919 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 10.5 sq km | Marsh crocodile (*Crocodylus palustris*), Painted stork, Openbill stork, Sambar ... |
LK-265 |
Gadsisar Lake (Gadisar Lake, Lifeline Oasis of Jaisalmer) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Jaisalmer |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 14th-Century Desert Rainwater Harvesting Reservoir |
225 m (738 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.25 sq km | Crucial stopover for migratory waterfowl in the Thar: Great white pelican, Spot-... |
LK-266 |
Jait Sagar Lake (Lotus Lake of Bundi) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Bundi |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Valley Water Reservoir & Lotus Wetland |
268 m (879 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.5 sq km (length 1.5 km) | Purple moorhen, Pheasant-tailed jacana, White-throated kingfisher, Bronze-winged... |
LK-267 |
Bhoj Wetland (Bada Talab & Chhota Talab Complex, Bhopal's Ramsar Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Bhopal |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons 11th-Century Earthen Dam Mega-Reservoir & Ramsar Site |
523 m (1,716 ft) | Max Depth: 11.7 m | Area: 361 sq km (catchment area; water spread approx. 31 sq km) | Global Ramsar site; wintering ground for 20,000+ waterbirds including Sarus cran... |
LK-268 |
Lower Lake (Chhota Talab) (Chhota Talab Bhopal) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Bhopal |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 18th-Century Historic Urban Reservoir |
515 m (1,690 ft) | Max Depth: 9 m | Area: 1.3 sq km | Indian cormorant, Spot-billed duck, Black kite, Little grebe... |
LK-269 |
Tawa Reservoir (Tawa Dam Lake, Lifeline of Satpura) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Narmadapuram |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Titanic Forest Reservoir & Tiger Reserve Buffer |
355 m (1,165 ft) | Max Depth: 58 m | Area: 200 sq km | Indian skimmer, Marsh crocodile, Osprey, Bar-headed goose, Sambar, Tiger, Leopar... |
LK-270 |
Bargi Reservoir (Rani Avantibai Sagar, Jabalpur's Inland Sea) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental Multi-Purpose River Valley Reservoir |
422 m (1,385 ft) | Max Depth: 65 m | Area: 267 sq km (length ~75 km across three districts) | Black-necked stork, Osprey, Great crested grebe, Mahseer fish (*Tor tor*), Commo... |
LK-271 |
Ooty Lake (Udhagamandalam Lake, John Sullivan's Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nilgiris |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Colonial Hill Station Valley Reservoir |
2,240 m (7,349 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.65 sq km (length 2.5 km, irregular L-shape) | Common carp, Nilgiri laughingthrush, Black-and-orange flycatcher, Little cormora... |
LK-272 |
Kodaikanal Lake (Kodai Lake, Star-Shaped Palani Jewel) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Dindigul |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Star-Shaped Hill Station Basin |
2,285 m (7,497 ft) | Max Depth: 9 m | Area: 0.24 sq km (circumference approx. 5 km) | Palani laughingthrush, White-bellied shortwing, Pied bushchat, Common kingfisher... |
LK-273 |
Avalanche Lake (Sanctuary Lake of the Nilgiris) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nilgiris |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Pristine High-Altitude Shola Forest Tarn |
2,200 m (7,218 ft) | Max Depth: 16 m | Area: 0.5 sq km | Premier trout hatchery on shores; Nilgiri tahr on surrounding crags, Nilgiri mar... |
LK-274 |
Emerald Lake (Silent Valley of the Nilgiris Lake) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nilgiris |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Deep Shola & Tea Estate Valley Reservoir |
2,150 m (7,054 ft) | Max Depth: 25 m | Area: 1.8 sq km | Nilgiri pipit, Black-and-orange flycatcher, Malabar whistling thrush, Indian gau... |
LK-275 |
Pykara Lake (Sacred River of the Todas) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Nilgiris |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Hydroelectric Dam Reservoir & Sacred River Lake |
2,120 m (6,955 ft) | Max Depth: 35 m | Area: 2.2 sq km | Nilgiri tahr, Nilgiri langur, Asian elephant herds crossing upper reaches, River... |
LK-276 |
Berijam Lake (Wilderness Lake of the Palani Hills) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Dindigul |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Pristine High-Altitude Forest Reservoir |
2,165 m (7,103 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.24 sq km (length 3 km) | Vital corridor for wild Asian elephants, Indian gaur (bison), Leopard, Nilgiri w... |
LK-277 |
Vembanad Lake (Vembanad Kayal, Longest Lake in India) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Alappuzha |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Estuarine Lagoon Wetland Complex & Largest Ramsar Site in Kerala |
0 m (Sea level, portions of Kuttanad sit 2m below sea level) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 2,033 sq km (water spread 260 sq km, length 96.5 km) | Ramsar Site (2002); world-famous **Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary** on eastern shore; ... |
LK-278 |
Ashtamudi Lake (Eight-Armed Gateway to the Backwaters) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Kollam |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Branched Estuarine Wetland & Ramsar Site |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 6.4 m | Area: 61.4 sq km (palm-shaped lake with 8 major branched arms) | Ramsar Site (2002); 57 species of waterbirds including Western reef egret, Caspi... |
LK-279 |
Sasthamkotta Lake (Queen of Lakes, Largest Freshwater Lake in Kerala) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Kollam |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Natural Freshwater Wetland & Ramsar Site |
33 m (108 ft) | Max Depth: 14.3 m | Area: 3.73 sq km | Ramsar Site (2002); 27 species of freshwater fish, Spot-billed pelican, Oriental... |
LK-280 |
Pookode Lake (Natural Freshwater Jewel of Wayanad) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Wayanad |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns High-Altitude Rain-Forest Natural Freshwater Lake |
772 m (2,533 ft) | Max Depth: 6.5 m | Area: 0.085 sq km (shaped naturally like the map of India) | Endemic cyprinid fish *Pethia pookodensis* (Pookode barb, found NOWHERE else on ... |
LK-281 |
Banasura Sagar Reservoir (Largest Earthen Dam in India, Second Largest in Asia) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Wayanad |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Titanic Earth-Fill Dam Reservoir with Submerged Hill Islands |
680 m (2,231 ft) | Max Depth: 38 m | Area: 16 sq km | Asian elephant herds roaming the western shorelines, Barking deer, Malabar giant... |
LK-282 |
Agara Lake (Agara Kere, Historic Cascading Lake of Bengaluru) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Medieval Cascading Rainwater Reservoir & Restored Urban Wetland |
898 m (2,946 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.40 sq km (approx. 98 acres) | Spot-billed pelican, Painted stork, Black-crowned night heron, Eurasian coot, Li... |
LK-283 |
Bellandur Lake (Largest Lake in Bengaluru) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Monumental Urban Cascade Basin & Active Ecological Revival Site |
890 m (2,920 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 3.65 sq km (approx. 900 acres) | Historically a massive haven for 100+ bird species; recovering population of Lit... |
LK-284 |
Sankey Tank (Gandhadhakoti Kere, Col. Sankey's Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 19th-Century Colonial Engineering Reservoir & Urban Park Lake |
930 m (3,051 ft) | Max Depth: 9.2 m (30 ft) | Area: 0.15 sq km (approx. 37.5 acres) | Pond heron, Spot-billed duck, Darter, Common moorhen, Fruit bats roosting on the... |
LK-285 |
Ulsoor Lake (Halasuru Kere, Kempe Gowda's Heritage Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 16th-Century Royal Rainwater Basin with Multiple Islands |
915 m (3,002 ft) | Max Depth: 5.8 m | Area: 0.5 sq km (approx. 123 acres) | Purple heron, Brahminy kite, Little egret, Pied kingfisher, Asian koel... |
LK-286 |
Karanji Lake (Fountain Lake, Mysore's Royal Aviary Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Mysuru |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Royal Palace Waterbody with India's Largest Walk-Through Aviary |
770 m (2,526 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.9 sq km (water spread approx. 55 ha) | India's largest walk-through aviary; winter haven for Painted storks, Grey pelic... |
LK-287 |
Kukkarahalli Lake (Inspiration Lake of Kuvempu & R.K. Narayan) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Mysuru |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 19th-Century Royal Irrigation Reservoir & Literary Sanctuary |
755 m (2,477 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.58 sq km | 180+ bird species: Spot-billed pelicans, Darters, Painted storks, Eurasian spoon... |
LK-288 |
Ayyanakere Lake (Dodda-Magere, Historic Hoysala Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Chikkamagaluru |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 12th-Century Monumental Hoysala Embankment Reservoir |
850 m (2,789 ft) | Max Depth: 11 m | Area: 1.56 sq km | Kingfishers, Cormorants, Little egret, Indian pond heron; freshwater fish... |
LK-289 |
Honnamana Kere (Largest Natural Lake in Coorg) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Kodagu |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Sacred Highland Natural Lake & Coffee Valley Wetland |
950 m (3,117 ft) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | White-bellied treepie, Malabar barbet, Emerald dove, Blue-eared kingfisher... |
LK-290 |
Shanti Sagara (Sulekere) (Sulekere, Second Largest Ancient Reservoir in Asia) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Davanagere |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental 12th-Century Earthen Dam Mega-Reservoir |
600 m (1,969 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 26.5 sq km (water circumference over 48 km) | Grey heron, Spot-billed pelican, Darter, Glossy ibis, Painted stork; massive com... |
LK-291 |
Chilika Lake (Largest Coastal Lagoon in India, Queen of Natural Lagoons) Field Guide Available |
Odisha Puri |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Brackish Coastal Lagoon & India's First Ramsar Site |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 4.2 m | Area: 900 to 1,165 sq km (spreads across Puri, Khordha, and Ganjam districts) | India's premier wintering ground for 1 million+ migratory birds along the Centra... |
LK-292 |
Pulicat Lake (Second Largest Brackish Lagoon in India) Field Guide Available |
Andhra Pradesh Tirupati |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Coastal Barrier Lagoon & Bird Sanctuary |
0 m (Sea level) | Max Depth: 7 m (average depth 1 m) | Area: 450 to 720 sq km (straddles Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu) | Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary: winter home to 50,000+ Greater and Lesser flamingos... |
LK-293 |
Kolleru Lake (Largest Freshwater Lake in Andhra Pradesh & Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Andhra Pradesh Eluru |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Deltaic Wetland & Ramsar Site |
1 m above sea level | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 245 sq km (water spread varies between 100 and 300 sq km) | Ramsar Site (2002); **Atapaka Bird Sanctuary**; crucial breeding grounds for the... |
LK-294 |
Nal Sarovar (Largest Wetland Bird Sanctuary in Gujarat & Ramsar Site) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Ahmedabad |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Lowland Shallow Freshwater & Brackish Wetland Complex |
9 m (30 ft) | Max Depth: 2.1 m (average 0.5–1 m) | Area: 120.8 sq km (includes 360 natural islets) | Ramsar Site (2012); winter refuge for 250,000+ migratory birds: Greater and Less... |
LK-295 |
Sultanpur Lake (Sultanpur National Park, Dr. Salim Ali's NCR Haven) Field Guide Available |
Haryana Gurugram |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Sub-Tropical Rainwater Lowland Wetland & Ramsar Site |
220 m (722 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 1.43 sq km (core sanctuary area 142 ha) | Ramsar Site (2021); 250+ bird species: Bar-headed goose, Northern pintail, Commo... |
LK-296 |
Harike Wetland (Hari-ke-Pattan, Confluence of Beas and Sutlej) Field Guide Available |
Punjab Tarn Taran |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons River Confluence Barrage Lake & Ramsar Site |
210 m (689 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 41 sq km | Ramsar Site (1990); wintering sanctuary for 200,000+ waterfowl; rare habitat of ... |
LK-297 |
East Kolkata Wetlands (World's Largest Natural Sewage Treatment Eco-System) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Kolkata |
Ramsar Wetlands & Lagoons Urban Interconnected Aquaculture Lagoon Complex & Ramsar Site |
2 m (6.5 ft) | Max Depth: 2.5 m | Area: 125 sq km (consists of nearly 250 wastewater fishponds / *bheris*) | Ramsar Site (2002); produces 10,000+ metric tons of fresh fish (Rohu, Catla, Til... |
LK-298 |
Gobind Sagar (Bhakra Dam Reservoir, Temple of Resurgent India) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Bilaspur |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Colossal Multi-Purpose Mountain Gravity Dam Reservoir |
514 m (1,686 ft) Full Reservoir Level | Max Depth: 165 m | Area: 168 sq km (storage capacity 9.34 billion cubic meters, length 90 km) | Gobind Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary; major commercial freshwater fishery (Silver car... |
LK-299 |
Hirakud Reservoir (Longest Earthen Dam Reservoir in the World) Field Guide Available |
Odisha Sambalpur |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Monumental Multi-Purpose Earthen River Valley Reservoir |
192 m (630 ft) | Max Depth: 32 m | Area: 743 sq km (shoreline circumference over 640 km) | Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary on southern bank; winter home to 200,000+ waterfowl... |
LK-300 |
Hussain Sagar (Tank Bund, Heart of the Twin Cities) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Hyderabad |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 16th-Century Historic Qutb Shahi Earthen Bund Reservoir |
536 m (1,759 ft) | Max Depth: 9.8 m | Area: 5.7 sq km (catchment area 240 sq km) | Little cormorant, Black kite, Spot-billed duck, River tern, Pond heron... |
LK-301 |
Osman Sagar (Gandipet Lake, Nizam's Flood Control Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Hyderabad |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Early 20th-Century Engineered Flood Mitigation Reservoir |
545 m (1,788 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 29 sq km | Pelicans, Painted storks, Spoonbills, Kingfishers, Herons nesting in shoreline g... |
LK-302 |
Himayat Sagar (Twin Lake of Gandipet) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Ranga Reddy |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic 1920s Masonry Flood Protection Reservoir |
542 m (1,778 ft) | Max Depth: 11 m | Area: 20 sq km | Greater flamingo during winter, Eurasian spoonbill, Painted stork, Darter, Black... |
LK-303 |
Pakhal Lake (Kakatiya Jungle Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Warangal |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 13th-Century Kakatiya Dynasty Forest Reservoir |
280 m (919 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 30 sq km | Marsh crocodile, Leopard, Sloth bear, Sambar, Four-horned antelope (Chousingha),... |
LK-304 |
Ramappa Lake (Guardian Reservoir of the UNESCO World Heritage Temple) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Mulugu |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 13th-Century Kakatiya Masonry & Earthen Reservoir |
210 m (689 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 24 sq km (storage capacity 2.91 TMC) | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Asian openbill, Indian roller, Peafowl... |
LK-305 |
Dashir Lake (Dashir Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Kullu |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Mountain Pass Tarn |
4,270 m (14,009 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.12 sq km | Snowfinch, Himalayan snowcock, Alpine chough... |
LK-306 |
Dehnasar Lake (Dehnasar Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Kangra |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Ridge-Top High Alpine Glacial Tarn |
4,280 m (14,042 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.2 sq km | Himalayan ibex, Musk deer, Snow leopard, Golden eagle... |
LK-307 |
Tanu Jubbal Lake (Tanu Jubbal Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Shimla |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Coniferous Forest Woodland Lake |
2,700 m (8,858 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.05 sq km | Himalayan bulbul, Koklass pheasant, Barking deer, Flying squirrel... |
LK-308 |
Khurpatal Lake (Khurpatal Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Nainital |
Urban Ecosystems & Historic Tank Cascades Freshwater Mountain Trowel Lake |
1,635 m (5,364 ft) | Max Depth: 14 m | Area: 0.3 sq km | Mahseer, Mirror carp, Common moorhen, Red-billed blue magpie... |
LK-309 |
Nandi Kund Lake (Nandi Kund Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Chamoli |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine High-Altitude Glacial Moraine Tarn |
4,800 m (15,748 ft) | Max Depth: 30 m | Area: 0.4 sq km | Snow leopard, Blue sheep, Tibetan snowcock, Brahma Kamal... |
LK-310 |
Dronagiri Lake (Dronagiri Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Chamoli |
High-Altitude Glacial & Alpine Glacial Valley Alpine Lake |
4,200 m (13,780 ft) | Max Depth: 10 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | Musk deer, Himalayan thar, Snow leopard, Rare alpine herbs... |
LK-311 |
Tarikhet Lake (Bhalu Dam) (Tarikhet Lake (Bhalu Dam) Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Almora |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Heritage Pine Forest Dam Lake |
1,770 m (5,807 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.1 sq km | Barking deer, Leopard, Himalayan black bear, Yellow-throated marten... |
LK-312 |
Udaisagar Lake (Udaisagar Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Udaipur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 16th-Century Mewar Masonry Reservoir |
580 m (1,903 ft) | Max Depth: 9 m | Area: 4.0 sq km | Indian spot-billed duck, Darter, White-throated kingfisher, Catla, Rohu... |
LK-313 |
Talab-e-Shahi (Talab-e-Shahi Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Dholpur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 17th-Century Mughal Royal Lake |
185 m (607 ft) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 0.75 sq km | Northern shoveler, Garganey, Common teal, Red-crested pochard, Indian skimmer... |
LK-314 |
Thol Lake (Thol Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Mehsana / Ahmedabad |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Irrigation Wetland (Ramsar Site) |
45 m (148 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 6.99 sq km (approx. 700 ha) | Sarus crane (*Antigone antigone*), Greater flamingo, Lesser flamingo, Dalmatian ... |
LK-315 |
Wadhvana Wetland (Wadhvana Wetland Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Vadodara |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Centennial Irrigation Reservoir (Ramsar Site) |
52 m (171 ft) | Max Depth: 4.2 m | Area: 10.38 sq km (1,038 ha) | Greylag goose, Bar-headed goose, Ferruginous duck, Pallas's fish eagle, Woolly-n... |
LK-316 |
Khijadiya Wetland (Khijadiya Wetland Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Jamnagar |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Marine & Freshwater Dual Wetland (Ramsar Site) |
10 m (33 ft) | Max Depth: 2.8 m | Area: 6.05 sq km (approx. 605 ha) | Great crested grebe, Dalmatian pelican, Black-necked stork, Indian skimmer, Grea... |
LK-317 |
Hamirsar Lake (Hamirsar Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Kutch |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs 450-Year-Old Historic Desert Reservoir |
110 m (361 ft) | Max Depth: 5 m | Area: 0.8 sq km (approx. 80 ha) | Glossy ibis, Painted stork, Common crane, Black-winged stilt... |
LK-318 |
Kankaria Lake (Kankaria Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Gujarat Ahmedabad |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs 15th-Century Polygonal Sultanate Reservoir |
55 m (180 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 0.76 sq km (perimeter: 2.3 km) | Indian spot-billed duck, Black kite, Flying fox colonies, Cormorants... |
LK-319 |
Bhindawas Lake (Bhindawas Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Haryana Jhajjar |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Largest Human-Made Freshwater Wetland in Haryana (Ramsar) |
215 m (705 ft) | Max Depth: 2.5 m | Area: 4.12 sq km (412 ha) | Egyptian vulture, Steppe eagle, Pallas's fish eagle, Black-bellied tern, Nilgai... |
LK-320 |
Damdama Lake (Damdama Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Haryana Gurugram |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Aravali Depression Rainfed Reservoir |
240 m (787 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 1.2 sq km | Water fowl, Kingfisher, Grey francolin, Peacock, Striped hyena (Aravali scrub)... |
LK-321 |
Kanjli Wetland (Kanjli Wetland Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Punjab Kapurthala |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Riverine Wetland & Avian Habitat (Ramsar Site) |
210 m (689 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 1.83 sq km (183 ha) | Indian flap-shell turtle, Smooth-coated otter, Common pochard, Asian openbill, R... |
LK-322 |
Ropar Wetland (Ropar Wetland Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Punjab Rupnagar |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Riverine Barrage Wetland (Ramsar Site) |
275 m (902 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 13.65 sq km (1,365 ha) | Smooth-coated otter, Hog deer, Sambar, Pangolin, Golden mahseer, Bar-headed goos... |
LK-323 |
Yashwant Sagar Lake (Yashwant Sagar Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Indore |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Ramsar Freshwater Reservoir |
535 m (1,755 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 14.2 sq km (approx. 1,420 ha) | Sarus crane (largest stronghold in Malwa), Bar-headed goose, Demoiselle crane, I... |
LK-324 |
Govindgarh Lake (Govindgarh Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Madhya Pradesh Rewa |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Palace Reservoir |
360 m (1,181 ft) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 1.5 sq km | Indian carp species, Cotton pygmy goose, Spot-billed duck, Pond heron... |
LK-325 |
Keetham Lake (Sur Sarovar) (Keetham Lake (Sur Sarovar) Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Agra |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Ramsar Avian Wetland & Wildlife Sanctuary |
170 m (558 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 7.13 sq km (713 ha) | Sloth bear (Agra Bear Rescue Facility), Marsh crocodile, Pelican, Bar-headed goo... |
LK-326 |
Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary Lake (Shahid Chandra Shekhar Azad Lake) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Unnao |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Ramsar Avian Wetland Sanctuary |
125 m (410 ft) | Max Depth: 2 m | Area: 2.24 sq km (224 ha) | Greylag goose, Pintail, Cotton teal, Red-crested pochard, Openbill stork, Sarus ... |
LK-327 |
Kanwar Lake (Kabar Taal) (Kanwar Lake (Kabar Taal) Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Bihar Begusarai |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Asia's Largest Freshwater Oxbow Lake (Ramsar Site) |
43 m (141 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 26.2 sq km (approx. 2,620 ha) | Red-headed vulture, White-rumped vulture, Greater spotted eagle, Oriental darter... |
LK-328 |
Venna Lake (Venna Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Satara |
Urban Ecosystems & Historic Tank Cascades High-Altitude Hill Station Lake |
1,350 m (4,429 ft) | Max Depth: 8 m | Area: 0.11 sq km (approx. 28 acres) | Common carp, Little cormorant, White-throated kingfisher, Malabar whistling thru... |
LK-329 |
Pawna Lake (Pawna Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Pune |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Western Ghats Hydroelectric Reservoir |
650 m (2,133 ft) | Max Depth: 38 m | Area: 25 sq km | Indian spot-billed duck, Black-winged stilt, Little ringed plover, Mahseer... |
LK-330 |
Mulshi Lake (Mulshi Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Pune |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Sahyadri Hydroelectric Mountain Reservoir |
620 m (2,034 ft) | Max Depth: 45 m | Area: 35 sq km | Malabar giant squirrel (*Ratufa indica*), Crested serpent eagle, Nilgiri wood pi... |
LK-331 |
Khadakwasla Lake (Khadakwasla Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Pune |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Historic City Lifeline Reservoir |
580 m (1,903 ft) | Max Depth: 32 m | Area: 19.5 sq km | Indian pond heron, Little grebe, Common kingfisher, Catla, Rohu... |
LK-332 |
Pashan Lake (Pashan Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Pune |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons 19th-Century Urban Wetland |
560 m (1,837 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.4 sq km (approx. 40 ha) | Purple moorhen, Grey heron, Painted stork, Red-wattled lapwing, Little cormorant... |
LK-333 |
Rankala Lake (Rankala Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Kolhapur |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs Historic Royal Citadel Lake |
550 m (1,804 ft) | Max Depth: 11 m | Area: 1.07 sq km (approx. 107 ha) | Spot-billed duck, Black-headed ibis, Great egret, Oriental darter... |
LK-334 |
Salim Ali Lake (Salim Ali Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Historic Mughal Wetland Sanctuary |
570 m (1,870 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 0.35 sq km | Eurasian coot, Spot-billed duck, Black-winged stilt, White-breasted waterhen... |
LK-335 |
Upvan Lake (Upvan Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Thane |
Urban Ecosystems & Historic Tank Cascades Yeoor Foothill Urban Lake |
20 m (66 ft) | Max Depth: 7 m | Area: 0.15 sq km | White-throated kingfisher, Indian pond heron, Little cormorant, Golden oriole (Y... |
LK-336 |
Powai Lake (Powai Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Mumbai Suburban |
Urban Ecosystems & Historic Tank Cascades 19th-Century Urban Crocodile Lake |
35 m (115 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 2.1 sq km (approx. 210 ha) | Indian marsh crocodile (*Crocodylus palustris*), Purple swamphen, Spot-billed du... |
LK-337 |
Vihar Lake (Vihar Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Mumbai Suburban |
Engineering Giants & Hydroelectric Reservoirs Protected National Park Reservoir |
40 m (131 ft) | Max Depth: 34 m | Area: 7.0 sq km | Mugger crocodile, Leopard, Spotted deer, White-bellied sea eagle, Crested serpen... |
LK-338 |
Lingambudhi Lake (Lingambudhi Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Mysuru |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons 1828 Heritage Wetland Sanctuary |
735 m (2,411 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 1.05 sq km (approx. 105 ha) | Greater spotted eagle, Bar-headed goose, Indian pitta, Asian paradise flycatcher... |
LK-339 |
Unkal Lake (Unkal Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Dharwad |
Urban Ecosystems & Historic Tank Cascades Historic Centennial Urban Lake |
670 m (2,198 ft) | Max Depth: 6 m | Area: 0.8 sq km (approx. 200 acres) | Common coot, Little grebe, Asian openbill, Pond heron... |
LK-340 |
Jakkur Lake (Jakkur Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Model Ecological Wetland Treatment Lake |
920 m (3,018 ft) | Max Depth: 4.5 m | Area: 0.65 sq km (approx. 160 acres) | Spot-billed pelican, Black-headed ibis, Eurasian spoonbill, Painted stork, Darte... |
LK-341 |
Kaikondrahalli Lake (Kaikondrahalli Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Community-Conserved Urban Wetland |
905 m (2,969 ft) | Max Depth: 3.5 m | Area: 0.19 sq km (approx. 48 acres) | Spot-billed pelican, Asian koel, Brahminy kite, Purple heron, Over 40 butterfly ... |
LK-342 |
Puttenahalli Lake (Puttenahalli Lake Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Urban Ecosystems & Historic Tank Cascades Citizen-Protected Urban Bird Haven |
915 m (3,002 ft) | Max Depth: 3 m | Area: 0.05 sq km (approx. 13 acres) | Purple heron, Garganey, Common kingfisher, Spot-billed duck, Black-crowned night... |
LK-343 |
Paravur Kayal (Paravur Kayal Water Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Kollam |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Coastal Backwater Estuary Lagoon |
2 m (6.5 ft) | Max Depth: 4 m | Area: 6.62 sq km | Pearl spot (Karimeen), Mangrove crab, Brahminy kite, Little egret, Osprey... |
LK-344 |
Ahiron Beel (Ahiran Wetland, Murshidabad Beel) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Murshidabad |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-345 |
Asan Barrage Conservation Reserve (Dhalipur Lake, Asan Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Uttarakhand Dehradun |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-346 |
Bortheel Wetland (Bortheel Beel, Kamrup Floodplain Lake) Field Guide Available |
Assam Kamrup Rural / Metro |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-347 |
Chembarambakkam Lake (Chembarambakkam Reservoir, Puliyur Kottam Lake) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Kanchipuram / Tiruvallur |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-348 |
Durgam Cheruvu (Secret Lake, Madhapur Lake) Field Guide Available |
Telangana Hyderabad |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-349 |
Hebbal Lake (Hebbal Kere, Hebbal Flyover Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-350 |
Kaivarta Beel (Kaivarta Wetland, Lower Assam Beel) Field Guide Available |
Assam Kokrajhar / Dhubri |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-351 |
Kuttanad Backwaters & Punnamada Lake (Punnamada Kayal, Kuttanad Waterway) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Alappuzha, Kottayam, Pathanamthitta |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-352 |
Madivala Lake (Madivala Kere, Madiwala Lake) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-353 |
Mirik Lake (Sumendu Lake) (Sumendu Lake, Mirik Hill Lake) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Darjeeling |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-354 |
Pandoh Lake (Pandoh Dam Reservoir, Beas-Sutlej Diversion Lake) Field Guide Available |
Himachal Pradesh Mandi |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-355 |
Periyakulam Lake (Ukkadam Big Tank) (Ukkadam Periyakulam, Periyakulam Tank) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Coimbatore |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-356 |
Red Hills Lake (Puzhal Reservoir) (Puzhal Kere, Red Hills Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Tiruvallur / Chennai |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-357 |
Rabindra Sarobar (Dhakuria Lake) (Dhakuria Lake, Lake Club Waterway) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Kolkata |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-358 |
Rasikbil (Rasikbill Wetland) (Rasikbill Wetland Complex, Rasikbil Bird Sanctuary) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Cooch Behar, Alipurduar |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-359 |
Santragachi Jheel (Santragachi Lake, Howrah Bird Sanctuary Lake) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Howrah |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-360 |
Sardarsamund Lake (Sardar Samand Lake, Sardar Samand Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Rajasthan Pali, Jodhpur |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-361 |
Singanallur Lake (Singanallur Kulam, Singanallur Urban Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Coimbatore |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-362 |
Subhash Sarobar (Beliaghata Lake) (Beliaghata Lake, Subhash Sarobar Park) Field Guide Available |
West Bengal Kolkata |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-363 |
Ukkadam Valankulam Lake (Valankulam Kulam, Ukkadam Lake) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Coimbatore |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-364 |
Varthur Lake (Varthur Kere, Varthur Wetland) Field Guide Available |
Karnataka Bengaluru Urban |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-365 |
Veeranam Lake (Veeranarayana Eri, Veeranam Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Tamil Nadu Cuddalore |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-366 |
Veli Tourist Village & Lake (Veli Kayal, Veli Lagoon) Field Guide Available |
Kerala Thiruvananthapuram |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Freshwater Lake & Wetland Sanctuary |
350 m (1,148 ft) | Max Depth: 8.5 m | Area: 2.1 sq km | Spot-billed duck, Darter, Little egret, Pond heron, Kingfisher... |
LK-367 |
Moti Jheel (Pearl Lake of Kanpur, Benajhabar Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Uttar Pradesh Kanpur Nagar |
Urban Ecosystems & Historic Tank Cascades British-Era Urban Drinking Water Reservoir & Public Gardens |
126 m (413 ft) | Max Depth: 5.5 m | Area: 0.35 sq km | Little egret, Pond heron, Common moorhen, Rose-ringed parakeet in historic botan... |
LK-368 |
Shallabug Wetland (Shallabugh Wetland Conservation Reserve) Field Guide Available |
Jammu & Kashmir Ganderbal |
Ramsar Wetlands & Coastal Lagoons Floodplain Riverine Ramsar Wetland |
1,580 m (5,184 ft) | Max Depth: 2.2 m | Area: 16.75 sq km (1,675 ha) | Ramsar Site (2022); over 400,000 wintering waterfowl including Greylag goose, Ma... |
LK-369 |
Tam Dil Lake (Lake of Mustard, Tamdil) Field Guide Available |
Mizoram Saitual |
Western Ghats & Shola Tarns Natural Upland Tectonic Lake |
760 m (2,493 ft) | Max Depth: 12 m | Area: 0.30 sq km | Endemic frog species (Leptobrachium tamdil), Malayan giant squirrel, Rufous-neck... |
LK-370 |
Dhamapur Lake (Dhamapur Talav, Historic Konkan Reservoir) Field Guide Available |
Maharashtra Sindhudurg |
Royal Palace & Heritage Reservoirs 16th-Century Earthen Dam Lake & Ramsar/Heritage Site |
45 m (148 ft) | Max Depth: 11 m | Area: 0.40 sq km (approx. 40 ha) | Whistling duck, White-throated kingfisher, Malabar pied hornbill, Oriental darte... |
Regional Lake Networks & State Distribution
India's lacustrine landscape spans high-altitude glacial tarns in the Trans-Himalayan cryosphere, ancient closed saline basins across the Thar Desert, the hypervelocity meteorite crater of Lonar, biodiverse Ramsar lagoons along the eastern coastline, and monumental royal palace tanks engineered over a millennium of hydraulic governance.
Rajasthan
42 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Ramgarh Crater Lake • Kuchaman Salt Lake • Lunkaransar Salt Lake • Bap Boulder Rann Lake • Swaroop Sagar Lake • Goverdhan Sagar Lake • Foy Sagar Lake • Bisalpur Reservoir • and 34 other documented lakes
Karnataka
37 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Krishna Raja Sagara (KRS Dam) • Linganamakki Reservoir • Tungabhadra Reservoir (Pampa Sagar) • Puttenahalli Lake (JP Nagar) • Nagavara Lake (Lumbini Gardens) • Ranganathittu Riverine Pools • Bhadra Dam Reservoir (Lakkavalli) • Supa Dam Reservoir (Kali River) • and 29 other documented lakes
Tamil Nadu
33 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Mannarvanur Lake • Vedanthangal Lake • Pichavaram Mangrove Wetland • Point Calimere Ramsar Wetland • Upper Bhavani Reservoir • Parsons Valley Reservoir • Porthi Mund Lake • Glenmorgan Reservoir • and 25 other documented lakes
Jammu & Kashmir
27 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Sonasar Lake • Alapathar Lake • Harwan Reservoir • Hygam Wetland Reserve • Shalbugh Wetland Reserve • Chandan Sar Lake • Katora Sar Lake • Bhag Sar Lake • and 19 other documented lakes
Uttarakhand
26 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Khurpatal Lake • Kagbhusandi Tal • Homkund Lake • Tehri Dam Reservoir • Drona Sagar Lake • Nanak Matta Reservoir • Malwatal Lake • Sariyatal Lake • and 18 other documented lakes
Himachal Pradesh
24 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Mahakali Lake • Machhial Lake • Lama Dal Lake • Kamrunag Lake • Pong Dam Lake • Dashair Lake • Chandertal Lake • Suraj Tal • and 16 other documented lakes
Maharashtra
24 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Nandur Madhmeshwar • Thane Creek Flamingo Sanctuary • Jayakwadi Reservoir (Nath Sagar) • Koyna Reservoir (Shivajisagar Lake) • Ujjani Reservoir (Yashwant Sagar) • Gangapur Dam Reservoir (Nashik) • Futala Lake Nagpur • Ambazari Lake Nagpur • and 16 other documented lakes
Kerala
22 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Mattupetty Reservoir • Kundala Lake • Idukki Arch Dam Reservoir • Periyar Lake Thekkady • Malampuzha Dam Reservoir • Parambikulam Reservoir • Bhoothathankettu Dam Reservoir • Vellayani Freshwater Lake • and 14 other documented lakes
Madhya Pradesh
15 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Sakhya Sagar Lake • Sirpur Lake • Indira Sagar Reservoir • Omkareshwar Reservoir • Rewa Kund Mandu • Kapoor Talao Mandu • Suraj Kund Gwalior • Bansagar Reservoir • and 7 other documented lakes
Ladakh
13 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Chagar Tso • Startspuk Tso • Drang-Drung Lake • Stat Tso • Lang Tso • Kyagar Tso • Hanle Wetland Lake • Chushul Wetland Lake • and 5 other documented lakes
Uttar Pradesh
12 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Haiderpur Wetland • Bakhira Bird Sanctuary • Sandi Bird Sanctuary Lake • Sarsai Nawar Jheel • Parvati Arga Wetland • Kirat Sagar (Chandela Reservoir) • Madan Sagar (Kakramath Lake) • Vijay Sagar Bird Sanctuary Lake • and 4 other documented lakes
Sikkim
11 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Laxmi Pokhari • Lampokhari Lake • Kathok Lake • Gurudongmar Lake • Cho Lhamo Lake • Tsomgo Lake • Khecheopalri Lake • Samiti Lake • and 3 other documented lakes
Gujarat
11 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Sardar Sarovar Dam Reservoir • Ukai Reservoir (Vallabh Sagar) • Saputara Lake • Gopi Talav Surat • Dharoi Dam Reservoir (Sabarmati River) • Nal Sarovar • Thol Lake • Wadhvana Wetland • and 3 other documented lakes
Telangana
9 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Nizam Sagar Reservoir • Singur Dam Reservoir • Pocharam Lake & Wildlife Sanctuary • Hussain Sagar • Osman Sagar • Himayat Sagar • Pakhal Lake • Ramappa Lake • and 1 other documented lakes
West Bengal
9 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Mukutmanipur Reservoir (Kangsabati Dam) • Senchal Lake Darjeeling • East Kolkata Wetlands • Ahiron Beel • Mirik Lake (Sumendu Lake) • Rabindra Sarobar (Dhakuria Lake) • Rasikbil (Rasikbill Wetland) • Santragachi Jheel • and 1 other documented lakes
Arunachal Pradesh
8 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Nagula Lake • Banggachang Lake • Mehao Lake • Glow Lake (Kamlang) • Sangetsar Lake • Sela Lake • P.T. Tso (Pangateng Tso) • Ganga Lake (Gyakar Sinyi)
Assam
7 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Sonbeel Lake • Maguri Motapung Beel • Dighalipukhuri Lake • Deepor Beel • Chandubi Lake • Bortheel Wetland • Kaivarta Beel
Andhra Pradesh
6 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Nagarjuna Sagar Reservoir • Srisailam Dam Reservoir • Kondakarla Ava Lake • Cumbum Lake (Gundlakamma Reservoir) • Pulicat Lake • Kolleru Lake
Odisha
4 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Tampara Lake • Ansupa Lake • Chilika Lake • Hirakud Reservoir
Bihar
4 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Ghora Katora Lake Rajgir • Matsyagandha Lake Saharsa • Baraila Lake (Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary) • Kanwar Lake (Kabar Taal)
Haryana
4 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Blue Bird Lake Hisar • Sultanpur Lake • Bhindawas Lake • Damdama Lake
Punjab
4 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Naya Nangal Wetland Lake • Harike Wetland • Kanjli Wetland • Ropar Wetland
Mizoram
4 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Rih Dil Lake • Tam Dil • Palak Dil • Tam Dil Lake
Meghalaya
3 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Ward's Lake Shillong • Thadlaskein Lake • Umiam Lake
Tripura
3 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Dumboor Lake • Kalyan Sagar • Rudrasagar Lake
Jharkhand
3 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Topchanchi Lake • Maithon Dam Reservoir • Panchet Dam Reservoir
Manipur
2 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Pumlen Pat Lake • Loktak Lake
Nagaland
2 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Shilloi Lake • Dzudu Lake (Zanibu)
Chandigarh
1 Documented LakesFeatured Field Guides: Sukhna Lake Chandigarh
The Limnological Heritage of India: Comprehensive Treatise
1. Cryospheric Geomorphology & High-Altitude Glacial Cirques
The high-altitude lakes of the Himalayas, Ladakh, Spiti, and Sikkim represent cryogenic freshwater ecosystems formed through Pleistocene glacial gouging and moraine-damming. At extreme elevations exceeding 4,000 meters above sea level, these waterbodies occupy glacial cirque amphitheaters and tectonic fault troughs. Glacial retreat deposited terminal moraines of crystalline boulders and fine rock flour, naturally impounding meltwater runoff. Classified as ultra-oligotrophic, their water columns feature exceptionally low nutrient concentrations, near-zero dissolved phosphorus loadings, and optical transparency that permits deep solar irradiance. Thermal regimes are characterized by dimictic or cold monomictic overturn cycles, where complete winter surface freeze-over sustains inverse stratification that insulates benthic aquatic life beneath solid ice sheets.
2. Tectonic Depressions, Hypersaline Playas & Impact Craters
Beyond the mountain cryosphere, India harbors extraordinary geological anomalies. Lonar Lake in Maharashtra occupies the world's only hypervelocity meteorite impact crater basalt bowl, featuring dual-pH hypersaline and hyper-alkaline soda waters harboring specialized haloalkaliphilic microbes. Across the arid expanse of western Rajasthan, endorheic saline depressions such as Sambhar, Didwana, and Pachpadra function as terminal evaporative sinks where intense summer deficits concentrate halite, gypsum, and thenardite minerals, providing specialized saline habitats for flamingos and brine-adapted micro-algae.
3. Ramsar Wetland Ecology & The Central Asian Flyway
India's coastal lagoons and floodplain wetlands—including Chilika, Vembanad, Kolleru, Loktak, and Wular—serve as crucial keystones along the Central Asian Flyway (CAF). Each winter, hundreds of thousands of migratory waterfowl journey southwards from breeding grounds in the Siberian tundra and Mongolian steppes to overwinter across India's shallow wetlands. The complex zonation of emergent reeds, floating phumdi biomass rings, and submerged macrophyte beds acts as natural bioremediation biofilters, absorbing excess nitrates, stabilizing shorelines, and sustaining biodiverse fisheries.
4. Millennial Royal Palace Reservoirs & Community Hydraulic Engineering
In the royal courts of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, the Deccan Sultanates, and the Chola and Vijayanagara empires, lake construction merged functional flood moderation with monumental architecture. Visionary rulers dammed seasonal rivers to create multi-tiered reservoir cascades such as Lake Pichola, Fateh Sagar, Bhopal Upper Lake, and Veeranam Lake. Fronted by carved marble pavilions, floating water palaces, and stepped ghats, these historic water systems secured perennial drinking water and urban climate moderation through collective community stewardship.